By ICAN, Disamba 9, 2021
Cikakken dokar da Majalisar Birnin New York ta amince da ita a ranar 9 ga Disamba 2021, ta yi kira ga NYC da ta kawar da makaman nukiliya, ta kafa kwamiti da ke da alhakin shirye-shirye da manufofin da suka shafi matsayin NYC a matsayin yankin da ba shi da makaman nukiliya, kuma ya yi kira ga gwamnatin Amurka. don shiga cikin yerjejeniyar kan Haramta Makaman Nukiliya (TPNW).
A yau, birnin New York ya haɗu da ɗaruruwan biranen Amurka da na duniya waɗanda suka yi kira ga gwamnatocin ƙasashensu da su shiga TPNW. Wannan alƙawarin yana da ma'ana musamman idan aka yi la'akari da gadon NYC a matsayin birnin da aka fara makaman nukiliya, da kuma la'akari da tasirin da aikin Manhattan da masana'antar makaman nukiliya ke ci gaba da yi ga al'ummomi a duk faɗin gundumomin NYC.
Amma wannan fakitin doka mai ƙarfi ya haɗu da ICAN Cities Appeal tare da ƙarin wajibai na doka don New York, misali:
- NUMuduri 976 yayi kira ga Kwanturolan NYC da ya umurci kudaden fansho na ma’aikatan gwamnati da su karkata daga kamfanonin da ke da hannu wajen kera da kula da makaman kare dangi. Wannan yana tsaye yana tasiri kusan dala miliyan 475 na asusun dala biliyan 266.7.
- Resolution 976 ya kara tabbatar da NYC a matsayin yankin da ba shi da Makaman Nukiliya, yana goyan bayan ƙudurin Majalisar City na farko wanda ya haramta samarwa, sufuri, adanawa, sanyawa, da tura makaman nukiliya a cikin NYC.
- Gabatarwa 1621 ya kafa kwamitin ba da shawara don ilimantar da jama'a tare da ba da shawarar manufofi kan batutuwan da suka shafi kwance damarar makaman nukiliya.
The Jagoran masu daukar nauyin dokar, Member Council Daniel Dromm, ya ce: “Dokokina za su aika da saƙo ga duniya cewa mutanen New York ba za su yi zaman banza ba a ƙarƙashin barazanar halakar da makaman nukiliya. Muna neman gyara kurakuran cutar da makaman nukiliya a garinmu ta hanyar karkatar da kudade, kiyaye dokokin kasa da kasa, da kuma gyara barnar muhalli da aikin Manhattan ya haifar."
"Na yi farin ciki da cewa wannan dokar ta daidaita fenshon NYC tare da ci gaban dabi'unmu," in ji Robert Croonquist, malamin makarantar gwamnati na NYC mai ritaya, kuma wanda ya kafa ICAN Partner Organization Youth Arts New York/Hibakusha Stories. "Ban kashe rayuwata ta balaga da saka hannun jari a makomar matasan garinmu ba kawai don saka hannun jari na fensho don lalata su."
Tarihin New York tare da makaman nukiliya
Aikin Manhattan, wanda Amurka ta kera bama-bamai na nukiliya da aka yi amfani da su wajen kashe mutane 200,000 a Hiroshima da Nagasaki a 1945, an fara shi ne a wani ginin ofis da ke gaban babban birnin tarayya inda aka amince da wannan doka. A cikin ayyukan Manhattan Project, Sojojin Amurka sun yi amfani da shirin binciken nukiliya a Jami'ar Columbia, har ma da matsawa tawagar kwallon kafa ta jami'ar hidima don motsa tan na uranium.
A lokacin yakin cacar baka, sojojin Amurka sun gina sansanonin makami mai linzami na nukiliya a ciki da kewayen NYC, inda suke da gidaje kusan 200 na warheads, wanda hakan ya sa NYC ta zama wata manufa ta kai hare-hare.
A yau, al'ummomin NYC suna ci gaba da shafar gadon aikin Manhattan. An sarrafa kayan aikin rediyo a wurare 16 a duk faɗin NYC, gami da dakunan gwaje-gwaje na jami'a, ɗakunan ajiya na kwangila, da wuraren wucewa. Shida daga cikin waɗancan rukunin yanar gizon, waɗanda aka fi mayar da su a cikin al'ummomin da aka ware, sun buƙaci gyaran muhalli, kuma a wasu lokuta ana ci gaba da wannan gyara.
Bugu da kari, NYCAN kimanta cewa kudaden fansho na jama'a na NYC a yau suna da kusan dala miliyan 475 da aka saka a cikin masu kera makaman nukiliya. Wannan yana wakiltar ƙasa da kashi 0.25% na hannun jarin kuɗin fensho na birni, duk da haka, kuma waɗannan hannayen jarin gabaɗaya ba su cika aikin saka hannun jari na zamantakewa ba. Musamman ma, Brad Lander, wanda shi ne Comptroller-elect, Res mai haɗin gwiwa. 976 (kira ga Kwanturolan ya karkata). A cikin bayaninsa na jefa kuri'a, a ranar 9 ga Disamba, 2021, ya bayyana cewa "Na yi alƙawarin a matsayina na Kwanturolan Birnin New York don yin aiki tare da wannan al'umma tare da bincika tsarin karkatar da fansho na birnin New York daga siyarwa da motsin makaman nukiliya."
Shekaru da dama, mutanen New York sun yi zanga-zangar nuna rashin amincewa da batun nukiliyar birninsu. Labarin John Hersey na 1946 game da tasirin ɗan adam na bam ɗin atomic, Hiroshima, an fara buga shi a cikin The New Yorker. Ranar Dorothy, wanda ya kafa ma'aikacin Katolika, ya fuskanci kama shi saboda rashin biyayya ga atisayen tsaron farar hula. Mata sun yi zanga-zangar adawa da gwajin makamin nukiliya, inda suka kaddamar da harkokin siyasa na wakiliyar Amurka Bella Abzug a nan gaba. Tsohon Magajin Garin NYC David Dinkins ya bi sahun masu fafutuka wajen yin nasarar dakile tsare-tsare na mai da tsibirin Staten ta zama tashar jiragen ruwa mai karfin nukiliya. Kuma a cikin 1982, fiye da mutane miliyan sun yi maci don kwance damarar nukiliya a NYC, ɗaya daga cikin zanga-zangar Amurka mafi girma. A cikin 1983, Majalisar Birni ta NY ta zartar da wani kuduri na farko da ke bayyana NYC Yankin Yancin Makaman Nukiliya. Tuni dai aka dakatar da duk wasu sansanonin makaman kare dangi da ke yankinta, kuma rahotanni sun ce rundunar sojin ruwan ta kaucewa shigar da jiragen ruwa masu amfani da makamashin Nukiliya zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa.
Don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da gadon nukiliyar NYC, duba Daga Aikin Manhattan zuwa Nukiliya Kyauta, wanda memba na NYCAN Dr. Matthew Bolton, na Cibiyar Kashe Makamai ta Duniya a Jami'ar Pace ya rubuta.
Yaƙin neman zaɓe na NYCAN don juyar da gadon nukiliyar NYC
A cikin 2018, membobin ICAN na tushen NYC kaddamar Kamfen na New York don Kashe Makaman Nukiliya (NYCAN). Mai fafutuka na NYC Brendan Fay ya haɗa Dr. Kathleen Sullivan (Daraktan Abokin Hulɗa Hibakusha Hibakusha) tare da Memba na Majalisar Daniel Dromm, wanda daga nan ya taimaka wajen tsara shirin. wasika, wanda ƙarin Membobin Majalisar 26 suka sanya wa hannu, ga Kwanturolan NYC Scott Stringer. Wasikar ta bukaci Stringer “daidaita karfin kudi na birninmu tare da ci gaban dabi’unmu” kuma ya ba da umarnin kudaden fansho na NYC don karkatar da hannun jari a kamfanonin da ke cin gajiyar makaman nukiliya. Daga nan NYCAN ta fara taro tare da ofishin Kwanturolan don tattauna hanyoyin matakai na gaba, bugawa rahoton a cikin tsari.
A Yuli 2019, Member Council Dromm ya gabatar da dokar. Membobin Majalisar Helen Rosenthal da Kallos sun shiga cikin sauri a matsayin masu tallafawa, kuma, tare da shawarwarin NYCAN, ba da daɗewa ba dokar ta sami mafi yawan masu tallafawa membobin Majalisar.
A cikin Janairu 2020, a wani taron hadin gwiwa na bangarorin biyu na dokar, membobin jama'a 137 sun ba da shaida tare da gabatar da shafuffuka sama da 400 na shaidar rubuce-rubuce, suna mai jaddada goyon baya mai zurfi ga kwance damarar makaman nukiliya tare da bayyana muryoyin masu rike da fensho na NYC, shugabannin 'yan asalin, addini. shugabanni, masu fasaha, da hibakusha (masu tsira daga harin bam ɗin atomic).
Amincewa da dokokin
Dokar ta yi rauni a cikin Kwamitin a cikin 2020 da 2021, yayin da NYC, kamar biranen da yawa, ke kokawa don sarrafa tasirin cutar ta COVID-19. Amma NYCAN ta ci gaba da ba da shawarwari, haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyoyin abokan hulɗa na ICAN da sauran masu fafutuka na NYC, gami da ƙungiyar kai tsaye ta Rise da Resist. Wadannan ayyukan sun hada da girmama bikin tunawa da tashin bam na Hiroshima da Nagasaki, da daidaitawa don haskaka gine-ginen NYC don nuna alamar shiga TPNW, yin tafiya a cikin fareti na Pride na shekara-shekara, har ma da shiga cikin sabuwar shekara ta iyakacin duniya don makaman nukiliya. kwance damara a cikin ruwan sanyi mai sanyi a Tekun Atlantika akan Tekun Rockaway.
Amincewa da dokokin
Dokar ta yi rauni a cikin Kwamitin a cikin 2020 da 2021, yayin da NYC, kamar biranen da yawa, ke kokawa don sarrafa tasirin cutar ta COVID-19. Amma NYCAN ta ci gaba da ba da shawarwari, haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyoyin abokan hulɗa na ICAN da sauran masu fafutuka na NYC, gami da ƙungiyar kai tsaye ta Rise da Resist. Wadannan ayyukan sun hada da girmama bikin tunawa da tashin bam na Hiroshima da Nagasaki, da daidaitawa don haskaka gine-ginen NYC don nuna alamar shiga TPNW, yin tafiya a cikin fareti na Pride na shekara-shekara, har ma da shiga cikin sabuwar shekara ta iyakacin duniya don makaman nukiliya. kwance damara a cikin ruwan sanyi mai sanyi a Tekun Atlantika akan Tekun Rockaway.
Yayin da ya rage makonni kawai a zaman majalisar, a cikin Nuwamba 2021, Kakakin Majalisar City Corey Johnson ya amince ya shiga NYCAN a wani karamin liyafar da Dr. Sullivan, Blaise Dupuy, da Fay suka shirya, don girmama jami'ar diflomasiyyar Irish Helena Nolan, babban jagora a cikin NYCAN. Tattaunawar TPNW, don sabon nadin ta a matsayin Babban Ofishin Jakadancin Irish a NYC. Sakamakon gabatar da jawabai da NYCAN ta yi a wannan daren, ciki har da Dr. Sullivan, Fay, Seth Shelden, da Mitchie Takeuchi, shugaban majalisar ya bayyana cewa zai taimaka wajen ganin an amince da dokar.
A ranar 9 ga Disamba, 2021, wani babban rinjaye na Majalisar Birni ya amince da dokar. Dokar ta tabbatar da cewa "Birnin New York yana da wani nauyi na musamman, a matsayin wurin ayyukan Manhattan Project da kuma haɗin kai don samar da kudaden makamai na nukiliya, don bayyana haɗin kai tare da duk wadanda abin ya shafa da al'ummomin da suka lalace ta hanyar amfani da makaman nukiliya, gwaji da kuma ayyukan da suka shafi ".
Tare da wannan aiki mai ma'ana, NYC ta ƙirƙiri ingantaccen tsarin doka ga sauran ƙananan hukumomi. A yau, NYC ba wai kawai tana ba da goyon bayan siyasa ga Amurka don shiga cikin TPNW ba, har ma yana ɗaukar matakai masu mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar birni da duniya amintattu daga barazanar waɗannan makaman na hallaka jama'a.
