by Lawrence Wittner, Janairu 1, 2018, War ne laifi.
A tsakiyar 1930s, mafi kyawun siyarwa fallasa cinikin makamai na duniya, haɗe da Amurka Binciken majalisa na masu yin makamai a karkashin jagorancin Sanata Gerald Nye, sun yi tasiri sosai kan ra'ayin jama'ar Amurka. Da yake sun tabbata cewa ’yan kwangilar soja suna tayar da siyar da makamai da yaƙi don ribarsu, mutane da yawa sun yi suka ga waɗannan “’yan kasuwan mutuwa.”
A yau, bayan shekaru tamanin, magadansu, yanzu da ake kira da “’yan kwangilar tsaro,” suna raye kuma suna cikin koshin lafiya. Bisa lafazin binciken Cibiyar Nazarin Zaman Lafiya ta Duniya ta Stockholm, tallace-tallacen makamai da sabis na soja ta manyan kamfanoni 100 na soja na duniya a cikin 2016 (shekarar da ta gabata wacce aka samu alkalumman) ya kai dala biliyan 375. Kamfanonin Amurka sun kara kaso na wannan jimillar zuwa kusan kashi 58 cikin dari, inda suke ba da makamai akalla kasashe 100 a duniya.
Babban rawar da kamfanonin Amurka ke takawa a cinikin makamai na kasa da kasa yana da matukar muhimmanci ga kokarin jami'an gwamnatin Amurka. "Muhimman sassan gwamnati," in ji manazarcin soja William Hartung, "suna da niyyar tabbatar da cewa makaman Amurka za su mamaye kasuwannin duniya kuma kamfanoni kamar Lockheed da Boeing za su yi rayuwa mai kyau. Daga shugaban kasa kan tafiye-tafiyen da yake yi a kasashen waje don ziyartar shugabannin kasashen duniya da suke kawance da su zuwa sakatarorin harkokin wajen Amurka da na tsaro ga ma’aikatan ofisoshin jakadancin Amurka, jami’an Amurka a kai a kai suna aiki a matsayin masu siyar da kamfanonin makamai.” Bugu da ƙari, ya lura, "Pentagon ita ce mai ba da damar su. Daga dillali, sauƙaƙewa, da kuma ba da kuɗi a zahiri daga hada-hadar makamai zuwa tura makamai zuwa abokan hulɗa da aka fi so a kan kuɗin masu biyan haraji, a zahiri shine mafi girman dillalan makamai a duniya.”
A cikin 2013, lokacin da aka tambayi Tom Kelly, mataimakin mataimakin sakatare na Ofishin Harkokin Siyasa na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka a yayin wani zaman majalisa game da ko gwamnatin Obama na yin isasshe don inganta fitar da makaman Amurka, ya amsa: "[Muna] bayar da shawarwari a madadin. na kamfanoninmu da yin duk abin da za mu iya don tabbatar da cewa waɗannan tallace-tallace sun wuce. . . kuma wannan wani abu ne da muke yi kowace rana, musamman [a] kowace nahiya a duniya. . . kuma kullum muna tunanin yadda za mu yi mafi kyau." Wannan dai ya tabbatar da ingantaccen kimantawa, domin a cikin shekaru shida na farko na gwamnatin Obama, jami'an gwamnatin Amurka sun kulla yarjejeniyoyin sayar da makaman Amurka sama da dala biliyan 190 a fadin duniya, musamman ga yankin gabas ta tsakiya mai fama da rikici. Ya kuduri aniyar fifita magabacinsa, Shugaban kasa Donald trump, a ziyararsa ta farko zuwa ketare, ya yi alfahari game da cinikin makamai na dala biliyan 110 (dala biliyan 350 cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa) da Saudiyya.
Mafi girman kasuwar makamai guda ɗaya ita ce Amurka, don wannan ƙasa tana matsayi na farko a cikin ƙasashe wajen kashe kuɗin soji, tare da 36 kashi na jimlar duniya. Trump yana da sha'awar soja mai goyon baya, kamar yadda jam'iyyar Republican Congress ke aiki, wanda a halin yanzu ke kan aiwatar da amincewa da a 13 kashi karuwa a cikin kasafin kudin sojan Amurka da ya riga ya kasance na taurari. Mafi yawa daga cikin kudaden da ake kashewa na soji a nan gaba, kusan tabbas za a dukufa ne wajen siyan sabbin makamai masu tsadar gaske, domin 'yan kwangilar soja sun kware wajen isar da miliyoyin daloli na gudunmuwar yakin neman zabe ga mabukata ‘yan siyasa, da daukar masu fafutuka 700 zuwa 1,000 don yi musu kawanya, suna masu da’awar cewa kayayyakin aikin sojan nasu ya zama dole don samar da ayyukan yi, da kuma hada guiwar kamfanoninsu na tunani don haskaka manyan kasashen waje. "Hatsari."
Hakanan za su iya yin la'akari da liyafar abokantaka daga tsoffin shugabanninsu a yanzu suna rike da manyan mukamai a gwamnatin Trump, ciki har da: Sakataren Tsaro James Mattis (tsohon memba na Janar Dynamics); Shugaban ma’aikatan fadar White House John Kelly (wanda wasu ‘yan kwangilar soja da dama suka yi aiki a baya); Mataimakin Sakataren Tsaro Patrick Shanahan (tsohon shugaban kamfanin Boeing); Sakataren Sojoji Mark Esper (tsohon mataimakin shugaban kasa Raytheon); Sakataren Sojan Sama Heather Wilson (tsohon mai ba da shawara ga Lockheed Martin); Karamar Sakatare na Tsaro don Samun Ellen Lord (tsohuwar Shugaba na wani kamfani na sararin samaniya); da Shugaban Ma’aikatan Hukumar Tsaro ta Kasa Keith Kellogg (tsohon ma’aikacin babban soja da dan kwangilar leken asiri).
Wannan dabarar tana aiki da kyau ga ƴan kwangilar sojan Amurka, kamar yadda lamarin Lockheed Martin ya kwatanta, ɗan kasuwa mafi girma a duniya. A cikin 2016, cinikin makamai na Lockheed ya tashi kusan kashi 11 cikin dari to $ 41 biliyan, kuma kamfanin yana kan hanyarsa ta zuwa ma fi girma wadata godiya ga samar da Jirgin yakin F-35. Lockheed ya fara aiki kan kera jirgin yaki mai ci gaba da fasaha a shekarun 1980 kuma, tun daga 2001, gwamnatin Amurka ta kara kashe kudi. $ 100 biliyan domin samar da shi. A yau, kididdigar da manazarta sojoji suka yi game da jimillar kuɗin da ake kashewa masu biyan haraji na 2,440 F-35s da jami'an Pentagon ke buƙata daga $ 1 tiriliyan to $ 1.5 tiriliyan, yin shi shirin sayayya mafi tsada a tarihin Amurka.
Masu goyon bayan F-35 sun ba da hujjar kashe makudan kudaden da jirgin yakin ke kashewa ta hanyar ba da fifikon hasashensa na iya yin saurin tashi da sauka a tsaye, da kuma daidaitarsa don amfani da rassa daban-daban guda uku na sojojin Amurka. Kuma shahararsa na iya nuna tunaninsu cewa danyen ikonsa na lalata zai taimaka musu su ci nasara a yakin da suke yi da Rasha da China a nan gaba. "Ba za mu iya shiga cikin waɗancan jiragen da sauri ba," Laftanar Janar Jon Davis, babban jami'in kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na Marine Corps, ya shaida wa wani kwamiti na Ma'aikata na House Armed Services a farkon 2017. "Muna da mai sauya wasa, wanda ya lashe yaki, a hannunmu. ”
Duk da haka, kwararrun jiragen sama Nuna cewa F-35 na ci gaba da fuskantar matsaloli na tsari sosai kuma tsarinsa na fasaha na fasaha na kwamfuta yana da rauni ga hare-haren yanar gizo. "Wannan jirgin yana da nisa a gaba kafin ya kasance cikin shiri," in ji wani manazarcin soji a aikin sa ido kan gwamnati. "Idan aka yi la'akari da tsawon lokacin da aka yi a cikin ci gaba, dole ne ku yi tunanin ko za ta kasance a shirye."
An firgita da tsadar tsadar kayan aikin F-35, Donald trump da farko ya raina harkar a matsayin "ba ta da iko." Amma, bayan ganawa da jami'an Pentagon da Shugaba na Lockheed Marilynn Hewson, sabon shugaban ya canza hanya, yana yaba "babban" F-35 a matsayin "babban jirgin sama" kuma ya ba da izinin kwangilar biliyoyin daloli ga 90 fiye da su.
Idan aka waiwaya, babu wani daga cikin wannan da ke cike da mamaki. Bayan haka, sauran ƙwararrun ƴan kwangilar soja - alal misali, Nazi Jamus Krupp da kuma IG Farben da kuma Fashist na Japan Mitsubishi dan Sumitomo - sun sami wadata sosai ta hanyar ba da makamai ga al'ummominsu don yakin duniya na biyu kuma sun ci gaba da ci gaba bayansa. Muddin mutane sun riƙe bangaskiyarsu ga mafi girman darajar ƙarfin soja, tabbas za mu iya sa ran Lockheed Martin da sauran "'yan kasuwan mutuwa" su ci gaba da cin riba daga yaƙi a kuɗin jama'a.
Lawrence Wittner (http://www.lawrenceswittner.com) Farfesa ne na Tarihi Emeritus a SUNY/Albany kuma marubucin Ganawa Bom (Jami'ar Stanford University Press).
