"Matsakaicin matsin lamba a watan Maris": Yakin Amurka da Amurka akan Venezuela Heats UP

Daga Leonardo Flores, Maris 16, 2020

Kashi na farko na 2020 na ganin gwamnatin Trump ta kara yin kakkausar suka ga Venezuela. A cikin kungiyar Tarayyar Turai, Shugaba Trump ya yi alkawarin "fasa" da kuma lalata gwamnatin Venezuelan. Wannan ya biyo bayan sabuntawar barazanar katangar sojan ruwa a kan ƙasar, wanda yake aiki ne na yaƙi a ƙarƙashin dokokin Amurka da na duniya. Daga nan sai Ma'aikatar Harakokin Waje ta lura cewa,Karamar koyarwar Monroe 2.0"Za a" fyaɗa a cikin makonni da watanni masu zuwa, "yayin furta" matsakaici-matsin lamba "a kan Venezuela.

Wadannan ba barazanar ba kawai. rhetoric ya goyi bayan manufofin da ayyuka. Kamfanin mai na Rasha Rosneft, daya daga cikin masu siyan man na Venezuelan a duniya, ya ga an dakatar da wasu mambobinsa biyu cikin kasa da wata guda saboda yin kasuwanci da Venezuela. Ma'aikatar Jiha telegraphed wannan tafi a watan Fabrairu, wajan kamfanonin mai na Rosneft, Dogaro (Indiya) da Repsol (Spain). Chevron, babbar kamfanin man fetur na Amurka da har yanzu ke aiki a Venezuela, gwamnatin Trump ta yi gargadin cewa lasisin ta na aiki a cikin kasar (wanda ke kareshi daga takunkumin) ba za a sabunta ba.

Tun a shekarar 2015, gwamnatin Amurka ta sanya takunkumi Manyan tankokin mai 49, da kamfanonin Venezuelan 18, kamfanonin kasashen waje 60 da kuma jiragen sama 56 (41 mallakar kamfanin jirgin saman Conviasa na jihohi 15 ne da kuma na kamfanin PDVSA na jihohi), amma wannan ne karo na farko da suka fara bin kamfanonin mai na kasashen waje. Ta hanyar niyya Rosneft Trading da Kamfanin Kasuwancin TNK (na biyu na Rosneft), Amurka ta sa gaba-gaba ga wadancan kamfanonin su ci gaba da kasuwanci a man Venezuela, kamar yadda kamfanonin jigilar kayayyaki, kamfanonin inshora da bankuna za su ki yin aiki tare da su.

Takunkumin ya yi mummunan tasiri, abinda ya haifar da asarar darajar dala biliyan 130 ga tattalin arzikin kasar tsakanin 2015 da 2018. Ko da muni, a cewar tsohon wakilin musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Alfred de Zayas, takunkumi ya dauki alhakin mutuwar sama da 'yan kasar Venezuelan 100,000. Saboda haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa Venezuela ta nemi Kotun ƙasa da ƙasa da ke binciken lamarin sanya takunkumi azaman laifuffuka a kan bil adama.

Tasirin takunkumin ya zama sananne a sashin lafiya na Venezuela, wanda aka lalace cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata. Wadannan matakan sun kawo cikas ga bankuna daga gudanar da hada-hadar kudade domin siyan kayayyakin kiwon lafiya. Bugu da kari, sun sa an sami raguwar kashi 90% cikin kudaden shigar kasar waje na Venezuela, suna hana bangaren kiwon lafiya yawan sa hannun jari. Kuma ba don solidar ba Sin da kuma Cuba, wanda ya aika kayan gwaji da magani, Venezuela zata kasance cikin tsananin rashin lafiya don iya sarrafa coronavirus. Takunkumin ya kara dagule wani yanayi mai hatsari, wanda ya tilastawa Venezuela shiga ciyarwa sau uku akan gwajin gwaji a matsayin kasashen da ba a sanya takunkumi ba.

Shugaba Maduro ya yi kira ga Trump kai tsaye ga Trump da ya dage takunkumi don yakar wannan annobar ta duniya. Amma duk da haka ba za a amsa wannan roƙon ba, idan aka ga ƙaruwa ba kawai a takunkumi ba, amma a cikin hargitsin 'yan adawar na yaƙin na yau da kullun. A ranar 7 ga Maris, wani shago mai ɗauke da kusan dukkanin injunan zaɓe na lantarki na Venezuela da gangan ƙone ƙasa. Wata kungiya mai suna Venezuelan Patriotic Front,, zargin da sojoji da 'yan sanda suka hada, sun dauki alhakin wannan ta'addancin. Kodayake ba za a iya yin ma'amala ta kai tsaye ba (har yanzu) tsakanin wannan rukunin da gwamnatin Trump, yana rokon masu ba da gaskiya cewa yin aiki da ke buƙatar gagarumar ma'anar aiki da kuɗaɗen tallafi ba zai samu tallafi ba aƙalla mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka fito fili a fagen sauyin tsarin mulki: Trump gwamnati, da gwamnatin Duque a Kolumbia, da Bolsonaro a Brazil ko kuma kungiyoyin 'yan adawa masu kaifin kishin addini da Juan Guaidó ke jagoranta.

Shiru daga kasashen duniya kan wannan ta'addanci na jan kunne, amma bai kamata ya zama abin mamaki ba. Bayan haka, babu wata la'ana daga OAS, EU ko Amurka yayin da a Haka kuma konewar da ke dauke da kayan sadarwa kamar yadda aka kone kurmus a watan Fabrairu, ko kuma yaushe Sojojin 'yan tawaye sun kai hari kan shingen barikin a Kudancin Venezuela a watan Disamba 2019.

Akwai wata shaida da ta gabata cewa paramilitaries na Venezuelan da ke adawa da gwamnatin Maduro sun sami tallafi da horo a duka biyun Colombia da kuma Brazil, ba a ambaci wannan ba zargin dala miliyan da Amurka ta kashedon samun jami’an soji na Venezuelan su kunna gwamnati. Baya ga tallafawa yakin da bai dace ba, gwamnatin Trump tana shirye-shiryen yakin basasa. Da barazana ta hanyar toshe bakin ruwa - wanda ya zama na yakin - aka fara shi ta hanyar ganawa daban daban tsakanin Trump, Sakataren Tsaro Mark Esper da manyan hafsoshin soja da Shugaban Colombian Ivan Duque da kuma Shugaban kasar Brazil Jair Bolsonaro. (Ba abin mamaki ba ne, yayin ganawa da wakilan Brazil don tattauna batun lalata gwamnatin Maduro. Wataƙila Trump ya fallasa coronavirus. Daya daga cikin wakilan wakilan, sakataren sadarwa na Bolsonaro, ya gwada ingancin cutar.) Baya ga shingen sojojin ruwan, Amurka tana shirin “wadatattun jiragen ruwa, jiragen sama da kuma jami'an tsaro don magance yawan barazanar da za ta hada da haramtacciyar ta'addanci da ta'addanci, ”Bayyananne a bayyane ga Venezuela duk da cewa bisa ga ƙididdigar gwamnatin Amurka, ta kasance ba ainihin hanyar wucewa ba don fataucin miyagun kwayoyi.

"Matsakaicin matattara ta Maris" ta yi daidai da tattaunawa mai mahimmanci a Caracas tsakanin gwamnatin Venezuelan da matsakaitan sassan 'yan adawa. Bangarorin biyu sun kafa wani kwamiti da zai zabi sabbin mambobin kwamitin zaben kasar a cikin lokacin zaben majalissar na wannan shekara. Daya daga cikin kawancen Juan Guaidó, Henry Ramos Allup, shugaban jam’iyyar adawa Acción Democrática (Democratic Action), ya shiga wuta daga matsanancin hakkin fadin cewa zai shiga cikin zabukan. Harin ta'addancin da aka yiwa na'urori masu jefa kuri'a ba zai yiwu a shafi lokacin da za a gudanar da zaben ba, amma ba tare da tsarinsa na kada kuri'a ta hanyar lantarki ta hanyar rattaba hannu kan takaddun takaddama da adadi na kada kuri'un ba, sakamakon zai kasance cikin sauki ga ikirarin zamba.

Wannan ba shine karo na farko da gwamnatin Trump ta kara kokarin sauye sauye a tsarinta ba game da tattaunawar sulhu tsakanin gwamnatin Venezuela da 'yan adawa. Hakan ya yi a watan Fabrairun 2018, lokacin da Sakatare-janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Rex Tillerson ya yi barazanar sanya takunkumi na mai sannan ya ce zai yi maraba da juyin mulkin soja a daidai lokacin da bangarorin biyu ke shirin rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar da za ta yi aiki na tsawon watanni a Jamhuriyar Dominica. Hakan ya sake faruwa a watan Agusta na 2019, lokacin da Amurka tayi amfani da abin da Wall Street Journal ta kira a matsayin “jimlar takunkumin tattalin arziki”A tsakiyar tattaunawa tsakanin‘ yan adawar da Guaidó ke jagoranta da gwamnati. Duk lokutan biyu, tattaunawar ta wargaje sakamakon ayyukan da maganganun gwamnatin Amurka. A wannan karon da wuya matsin ya kawo cikas ga tattaunawar, kasancewar 'yan siyasa masu adawa masu sassaucin ra'ayi suna zuwa ga batun Kashi 82% na Venezuelans sun ƙi takunkumi da goyan bayan tattaunawa. Abin takaici, gwamnatin Trump ta bayyana a fili cewa ba ta damu da abin da 'yan kasar Venezuela suke so ba. Madadin haka, yana ci gaba da tayar da matsin lamba kuma watakila yana iya kasancewa wurin don fara aikin soja, watakila wani abin mamakin Oktoba zai taimaka wa takarar Trump.

Leonardo Flores ƙwararren masanin manufofin Latin Amurka ne kuma mai ƙaddamar da CODEPINK.