Ta Pat Elder, Oktoba 27, 2020
daga Magungunan Soja
Sojoji suna guba ruwan Maryland da abincin teku. Bari mu gwada ruwan a waɗannan wuraren don ganin yadda yake mara kyau.
A watan da ya gabata ne Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Maryland ta saki rahoton hakan bai sami dalilin fargaba ba game da kasancewar PFAS a cikin Kogin St. Mary da kawarsa kusa da wani sansanin sojan ruwa da ke zubar da abubuwan a cikin ruwa yayin atisayen yaƙi na yau da kullun.
Abubuwan sunadarai, da - da poly fluoroalkyl, suna da alaƙa da cutar kansa da mawuyacin yanayin tayi.
Nazarin Pilot na Kogin St. Mary na PFAS Abin da ya faru a cikin Ruwa na Surface da Oysters ya kammala cewa duk da cewa PFAS yana cikin ruwan raƙuman ruwa na Kogin St. Mary, ƙididdigar sun kasance “ƙwarai da ƙasa da haɗarin tushen yin amfani da nishaɗin shaƙatawa da ka'idojin amfani da kawa na musamman. ma'auni. "
Yana sauti mai kwantar da hankali.
Abin baƙin ciki, wannan bayanin ya wuce-ƙaddarar da aka yanke a cikin rahoton wanda ya dogara da nazarin PFOA da PFAS kawai. Rahoton ya ƙunshi cikakkun bayanai da kuma gwajin da bai kammala ba na dukkan PFAS. Mafi mahimmanci, an saita iyakokin ganowa don wannan binciken a 1 ug / kg. Wannan microgram daya ne a kowane kilogiram kuma wannan magana ce mai tsauri!
1 ug / kg daidai yake da kashi 1 a cikin biliyan kuma wannan na nufin sassan 1,000 a kowace tiriliyan. Abin da wannan ke nufi shi ne cewa jihar Maryland tana cewa ba laifi a ci kawa idan suna dauke da kashi 1,000 na tiriliyan saboda ba su ma damu da gwadawa a matakan da ke karkashin 1,000 ppt ba.
A watan da ya gabata, an gudanar da gwaji mai zaman kansa na kawa a cikin St Mary's River da kuma St. Inigoes Creek a madadin Watungiyar Ruwa ta Kogin St. Mary da kuma ba da tallafin kuɗi ta hanyar Ma'aikatan Jama'a don Kula da Muhalli, ABOKI.
An gano kawa a cikin kogin St. Mary da kuma a cikin St. Inigoes Creek dauke da fiye da sassa 1,000 a cikin tiriliyan (ppt) na sinadarai masu guba sosai. Eurofins, jagoran duniya a cikin gwajin PFAS ya binciko kawa.
Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Harvard da manyan cibiyoyin kimiyya a duk duniya sun gaya mana kar mu cinye sama da 1 na waɗannan abubuwan yau da kullun. Wadannan sunadarai suna cikin layin nasu. An bincika su a cikin ɓangarori na tiriliyan maimakon a cikin ɓangarori na biliyan kamar sauran ƙwayoyin cuta.
Yawancin jihohi sun kafa ƙa'idodi waɗanda ke iyakance matakan PFAS a cikin ruwan sha zuwa 20 ppt. Faya daga cikin daɗaɗɗen soyayyen St Mary's River oyster tsoma cikin tartar miya saman wanda sau 50 - kuma hakan ya yi daidai da mutanen da ke cikin Maryland waɗanda ke da alhakin kare lafiyarmu. Dukkanin abincin teku a cikin ruwa mai yuwuwa zai gurɓata. Matan Maryland da ke iya yin ciki bai kamata su ci abincin gida ba.
Gwajin Ruwan
Dole ne mu gwada ruwan da abincin teku kusa da titin jirgin sama da ƙone rami a kan shigar sojoji a cikin yankin Chesapeake. Ba za mu iya amincewa da sojoji ba kuma ba za mu iya amincewa da jihar ta zama mai gaskiya ba.
Ruwan saman ƙasa da ruwan da ke fitowa daga sansanonin soji suna ɗauke da mafi girman ƙwayoyin abubuwa masu guba- da poly fluoroalkyl, (PFAS) a duniya. Abubuwan da ke tattare da kwayoyi a cikin kifi, galibi sau da yawa sau dubu cikin matakan ruwa.
Dubunnan koguna da koguna a duk faɗin ƙasar kusa da sansanonin soja suna ɗaukar matakan haɗari masu haɗari. An samo nau'ikan kifi da yawa tare da fiye da miliyan miliyan a kowace tiriliyan kusa da sansanonin soji wasu kuma da fiye da sassan miliyan 10 na tiriliyan. Cin abincin teku daga gurbataccen ruwa shine babbar hanyar da PFAS ke shiga jikin mu. Gurbataccen ruwan sha ya zama na biyu kenan.
Yankunan ruwa bakwai da ke sama: Aberdeen, Fort Meade, Naval Academy, Chesapeake Beach, JB Andrews, Indian Head, da Pax River an zaɓi su saboda kusancin su da rubuce-rubuce game da amfani da kumfa mai yaƙin PFAS. Dukkansu an bincika su kuma samfurin ruwa da ke gudana daga tushe yana iya isa ga jama'a.
Jihar Maryland tana da rauni musamman saboda yawan girke-girke na sojoji a cikin kwarjin yankin Maryland Chesapeake. Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Maryland na bayan mafi yawan jihohi wajen daukar matakan kare jama'a daga wannan bala'in.
Akwai aƙalla shigarwar sojoji masu aiki da / ko rufewa a cikin jihar. (Duba maƙunsar mafi kyau: "Batun Sojoji na Maryland". 23 daga waɗannan rukunin yanar gizon sun tabbatar ko "zargin" amfani da PFAS ta DOD. Ya rage ga jihar ta kare mazaunanta tare da EPA a gefe. Mataki na farko ya haɗa da ƙaddamar da tsarin gwaji mai ƙarfi don bincika matakan waɗannan "sunadarai na har abada" a waɗannan kayan aikin soja, musamman ma inda sojoji suka yarda cewa an yi amfani da abubuwan.
Anan ne masu buga nauyi:
Aberdeen Tabbatar Ƙasa
Daga Rahoton Sojoji na 2017 akan Aberdeen:
“Akwai hadari a shafin daga kasa da ruwan karkashin kasa. Hatsarin ƙasa ga lafiyar ɗan adam an bayyana shi da farko ta wurin ɗumbin zafi a tsohon yankin horo na wuta; wasu wurare masu zafi suna da zurfin ƙafa 14 (a ko kusa da teburin ruwa). Akwai ƙarin haɗarin da ke tattare da lafiyar ɗan adam da mahalli a Yankin Zubar da Ragowar Kura (BRDA). ”
Baya ga wannan, Sojoji ba su buga komai ba kan amfani da PFAS a Aberdeen. Idan matakan gurɓataccen wasu ƙwayoyin sunadarai masu guba ba tare da kulawa ba a cikin Aberdeen duk wata alama ce, tushe, wanda yake kusa da ruwan babban mashigin Chesapeake, yana fitar da mummunan batsa na PFAS.
Fort George G. Meade
Babban matsala tare da Little Patuxent River - Red X yana nuna yankin horar da wuta a Fort Meade. Tana kusa da rabin mil daga kogin. Rijiyoyin lura da ruwan karkashin kasa inda aka saba amfani da AFFF suna nuna ruwan karkashin kasa wanda ya gurbata da 87,000 ppt. An yi imanin PFAS yana yin leaching a cikin Little Patuxent River.
Annapolis - Kwalejin Naval na Amurka
Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta ce tana gwajin PFAS a kan ruwan tashar jirgin ruwan Naval. Ba mu da sakamako kuma ba mu da tabbacin za mu amince da su idan muna da su, la'akari da tarihin Ruwa. Babban fa'idarmu mai zaman kanta shine tattara samfurin ruwa a cikin Kogin Severn ta hanyar tashar jirgin ruwa ta Lagoon Primary Spillway Discharge Outfall.
A cikin rijiyoyi 54 daga cikin rijiyoyi 68 da sojoji suka gwada a Annapolis, an sami mahimmancin PFAS sun haura 70 ppt kuma wasu an rubuta su a 70,000 ppt., Sau dubu sau da yawa fiye da matakan ƙimar rayuwar EPA. An sami mummunar cuta a Bay Head Park, kusa da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na yara na Annapolis. Yankin ya taɓa kasancewa wurin gwajin makamin Naval. An samo ruwan karkashin ƙasa a 70,000 ppt anan. Ruwan saman yana shiga cikin Chesapeake Bay.
Dubi Arundel Patriot, daya daga cikin manyan jaridun jihar masu zaman kansu.
Hadin gwiwa da Gindi
Sojojin Sama sun wallafa sakamakon ruwan karkashin kasa wanda ke nuna gurbatacciyar PFAS a 40,200 ppt. Kulawa na rafin kusa da shingen tushe ya nuna wuraren da aka rufe da farin kumfa a watan Agusta, 2020. Kogin ya shiga cikin Potomac a Coasar Mulkin Mallaka na Nationalasa a Piscataway Park.
Cibiyar Yakin Jirgin Ruwa Naval - Shugaban Indiya
Shugaban Indiya na iya kasancewa ɗayan mawuyacin gurɓataccen facin kayan ƙasa a cikin ƙasar. An yi amfani da rukunin yanar gizo 71 azaman rami mai ƙonawa don dalilan horar da wuta. Shugaban Indiya ya lissafa wannan a matsayin "yanki na damuwa" don amfani da AFFF dauke da PFAS. Har yanzu basu bayyana matakan gurɓataccen PFAS ba. Yankunan da ke kusa da Mattawoman Creek a kudanci wasu lokuta suna da kumfa suna taruwa a bakin teku. Ya kamata a gwada ruwa a cikin rafin da kogin.
Labarin Binciken Naval Na Chesapeake
Ruwan ƙasa kusa da ramin wuta a cikin yankin rawaya ya nuna pp 241,000 na PFOS. Sojojin Ruwa suna amfani da wannan rukunin yanar gizon tun daga shekarar 1968. Mazauna masu zaman kansu a Karen Drive, mai tazarar ƙafa 1,200, suna da rijiyoyin shan ruwa waɗanda ba a taɓa gwada su da guba ba. Yakamata a ɗauki samfuran ruwa na ƙasa daga bakin kogunan da suke gudana daga tushe.
Tashar Jirgin Ruwa Na Ruwa na Patuxent
Kodayake Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta saki bayanan da ke nuna 1,137.8 ppt na PFAS a cikin ruwan karkashin kasa a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na tushe, bai bayyana yawancin matakan dafin da ake zaton suna cikin ruwan karkashin kasa kusa da ramin ƙonawa a Hog Point ko kusa da rataya da yawa ba An gwada tsarin maye gurbin kumfa koyaushe kuma galibi ba aiki.
Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta ƙi gwada rijiyoyin mafi yawan jama'ar Afirka Baƙin Amurka na Hermanville kusa da mahadar MD RT 235 da Hermanville Rd. Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Maryland ta kuma ki gwada gwada rijiyoyin masu zaman kansu a wajen tushe inda suka ce sun amince da hukuncin Sojojin Ruwa a cikin wadannan al'amuran.
