By Brian Terrell
A ranar 26 ga Maris, na kasance a Nevada a matsayina na mai kula da abubuwan da suka faru don Ƙwararrun Desert Nevada, na shirya don Tafiya mai tsarki na shekara-shekara, tafiya mai nisan mil 65 ta cikin hamada daga Las Vegas zuwa Cibiyar Gwajin Nukiliya a Mercury, Nevada, wani taron. cewa NDE ta dauki nauyin kowane bazara na kimanin shekaru 30. Ana saura kwana biyu a fara tafiya, wata mota lodin mu masu shiryawa ne suka bi hanyar.
Tasha ta ƙarshe amma ɗaya akan hanyar tafiya ta al'ada ita ce "Peace Sansanin," wani wuri a cikin hamada inda muke yawan kwana na ƙarshe kafin ƙetare Babbar Hanya 95 zuwa cikin abin da yanzu ake kira Nevada National Security Site. Lokacin da muka isa wurin, mun yi mamakin ganin dukan sansanin da hanyar da za ta bi daga gare ta zuwa Wurin Gwaji kewaye da shinge na filastik lemu mai haske.
Babu wani dalilin da ya sa katangar kuma babu wata alama ta shiga sansanin, wanda ya kasance wurin shirya zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya shekaru da yawa. Ba wai kawai an toshe mu daga sansanin mu na gargajiya ba, babu wani wuri mai aminci, doka ko dace don yin fakin motoci na kusan mil mil, babu inda za mu iya sauke kayan aiki ko kuma ba da izinin sauke wadanda suka shiga zanga-zangar da ba za su iya ba. yi tafiya mai nisa a kan m ƙasa. Mun fara tantance matsalolin dabaru wannan sabon yanayin da aka gabatar lokacin da mataimakin Sheriff County na Nye County ya wuce.
Bayan ya gargade mu cewa ba bisa ka’ida ba ne a tsayar da mu a hanya, mataimakin ya ba mu dakata yayin da ya bayyana yadda lamarin yake. Wasu manyan harbe-harbe a jami'ar, in ji shi, sun gamsar da Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Nevada cewa sansanin zaman lafiya wuri ne mai mahimmancin tarihi don haka ba za a iya yin rikici da su ba. Yankunan sun haura mako guda ko makamancin haka a baya, in ji shi, a cikin jiran Tafiya na Aminci Mai Tsarki. Abubuwan tarihin zanga-zangar da suka gabata ba za a bari su damu da kasancewar masu zanga-zangar na zamani ba. Ba wanda za a sake ba da izinin shiga sansanin sai dai masu binciken kayan tarihi, in ji mataimakin. Abin ban haushin wannan hoton bai bata mana ba.
Komawa Las Vegas, nan da nan na fara kiran ofisoshi daban-daban na Sashen Sufuri, musamman lambobin da na samu (abin mamaki) na ofishin DOT na ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi. Na kuma yi binciken yanar gizo game da batutuwan da ke kusa da Sansanin Zaman Lafiya da tarihinsa kuma na gano cewa a cikin 2007, Ofishin Kula da Filaye na Amurka (BLM ya yi iƙirarin mallakar rukunin yanar gizon) da Ofishin Kula da Tarihi na Jihar Nevada sun ƙaddara cewa Sansanin Zaman Lafiya ya cancanci. jeri a kan National Register of Historic Places.
Na karanta a ciki Archaeology, bugu na Cibiyar Archaeological Institute of America, da sauran wallafe-wallafen yadda wasu masana ilimin ɗan adam daga Cibiyar Nazarin Desert Research suka gudanar da bincike kan rukunin yanar gizon kuma sun sami nasarar tabbatar da cewa Sansanin Zaman Lafiya ya cancanci jeri a kan National Register of Historic Places. Na karanta cewa don samun cancantar, dole ne rukunin yanar gizon ya cika waɗannan cancantar: "a) haɗin gwiwa tare da abubuwan da suka ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga faffadan tsarin tarihin mu, da b) fasalin halaye na musamman… waɗanda ke da ƙima masu ƙima…”
Duk da yake har yanzu ba a san tasirin wannan nadi ba a gare mu, abin farin ciki ne sanin cewa aƙalla hukumomi biyu a cikin ma'aikatun tarayya da na jihohi sun gane, tare da wasu daga cikin al'ummomin ilimin ɗan adam, gaskiyar cewa wasu ƙarni na antinuclear. masu fafutuka sun "ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga faffadan tsarin tarihin mu." Zane-zane, alamomi da saƙonnin da suka shafi shirye-shiryen dutse mai launuka daban-daban da masu girma dabam ("geoglyphs," a cikin maganganun ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi) da kuma rubutun da aka zana a kan ramummuka da ke ƙarƙashin babbar hanya suna da tabbaci a hukumance cewa "sun mallaki manyan ƙima na fasaha" waɗanda suka cancanci doka ta kiyaye su. !
Mun riga mun tashi daga Las Vegas a tafiyar da muka yi ta kwanaki biyar zuwa wurin gwajin kafin a dawo da kira daga hukumomi daban-daban sun tabbatar da cewa mataimakin ya fahimci halin da ake ciki. Ba wai an kafa shingen ne domin kare sansanin zaman lafiya daga masu neman zaman lafiya ba, sai dai a matsayin wani mataki na wucin gadi na hana wasu ’yan kwangilar da za su fara gyaran hanyar su bi ta cikinsa da manyan kayan aikinsu. Za a buɗe wata gate a cikin shingen don shigar da mu. Parking, camping, kafa filin dafa abinci, duk za a bari kamar yadda aka saba.
Wannan labarin ya kasance annashuwa. Mun yi tsammanin tunkarar Hukumar Tsaron Nukiliya ta Kasa a lokacin da muka isa Mercury da wurin gwajin, kuma, muna tsammanin za a kama da yawa daga cikinmu saboda yin kutse a wurin, duk da izinin da Majalisar Yammacin Shoshone ta ba mu. masu mallakar ƙasa na doka. Ba mu so, duk da haka, mu yi jayayya da Ofishin Kula da Tarihi na Jihar Nevada, kuma kama shi don tada hankalin rukunin kayan tarihi ba ya ɗaukar irin wannan ɗabi'a. cachet a matsayin gwagwarmaya da yuwuwar lalata makaman nukiliya.
Babban masanin ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi na Ma'aikatar Sufuri ya kasance mai fa'ida musamman a cikin kimar da ya yi na mahimmancin Sansanin Zaman Lafiya. Sansanin zaman lafiya shine kawai wurin da aka keɓe na tarihi a Nevada, in ji shi, wanda bai wuce shekaru 50 ba. Kwarewar kaina tare da Sansanin Zaman Lafiya da Gidan Gwajin, watakila ƙasa da tarihi. Na kasance a can sau ɗaya a tsayin zanga-zangar a can a cikin 1987, kuma a wani lokaci a cikin 1990s, sannan kuma tare da ƙaruwa akai-akai bayan zanga-zangar adawa da jirage marasa matuka da aka fara aiki daga sansanin sojojin saman Creech da ke kusa da ya fara a 2009. Har zuwa wannan haduwar, na furta cewa na yi tunani. na Peace Camp a matsayin ɗan ƙaramin wuri mai dacewa daga inda za a gudanar da zanga-zangar adawa da gwajin bam na nukiliya da aka gudanar a wancan gefen Babbar Hanya 95.
Ana iya ganin gajimaren naman gwari na gwajin farko da aka gudanar a wurin gwajin Nevada daga nesa Las Vegas. Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙwara a 1963 ya motsa gwaje-gwajen a karkashin kasa. Ko da yake Amurka ba ta amince da Yarjejeniyar Haramtacciyar Gwajin Gwaji ba, ta dakatar da gwajin cikakken gwajin a shekarar 1992, kodayake ana gudanar da gwaje-gwajen “subcritical” na makamai, gwaje-gwajen da ba su da yawa, har yanzu ana gudanar da su a wurin.
Daga 1986 zuwa 1994, an gudanar da zanga-zanga 536 a wurin Gwajin Nevada wanda ya shafi mahalarta 37,488, tare da kama wasu masu fafutuka 15,740. Yawancin zanga-zangar da aka yi a waɗannan shekarun sun jawo dubban mutane a lokaci guda. Tafiya ta Aminci mai tsarki na wannan shekara da 3 ga Afrilu mai kyau Jumma'a Zanga-zangar da aka yi a wurin Gwajin ta kasance mai sauƙi idan aka kwatanta, tare da mahalarta kusan 50, kuma mun yi farin ciki cewa an kama 22 daga cikin waɗannan bayan sun tsallaka cikin wurin.
Lambobin da ke zuwa don yin zanga-zangar gwaji a Nevada sun ragu sosai tare da ƙarshen cikakken gwajin a can, kuma ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa gwajin makaman nukiliya ba shine dalilin kona lokutan ba. Zanga-zangar da ake yi a wuraren da ke da hannu kai tsaye da kera makaman nukiliya har yanzu tana samun adadi masu daraja. Makonni uku kacal kafin zanga-zangar mu ta baya-bayan nan, masu zanga-zangar kusan 200 sun yi sansani a wajen kofar Creech Air Force Base, cibiyar kashe-kashen mutane marasa matuka da ke gangarowa kan babbar hanyar da ta tashi daga wurin Gwajin.
Yana da mahimmanci, ko da yake, cewa wasu daga cikinmu suna ci gaba da nunawa a wurin Gwajin da kuma amfani da jikinmu don ƙara yawan adadin waɗanda suke haɗarin kama a can don su ce a'a ga mummunan yaƙe-yaƙe na yakin nukiliya.
Dubban ma'aikata har yanzu suna tuƙi kowace safiya daga Las Vegas don ba da rahoton aiki a Cibiyar Tsaro ta Nevada. Ba mu san duk ayyukan jahannama da aka tsara da aiwatar da su ba bayan gardin shanu. Wasu suna gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na subcritical, wasu ba shakka suna ci gaba da aiki kawai, horar da sabbin ma'aikata da kuma kula da kayan aiki da kayayyakin more rayuwa don yuwuwar sake dawo da cikakken gwaje-gwaje. Ranar da shugaban dattijo ya ba da odar, Cibiyar Tsaro ta Nevada za ta kasance a shirye don tayar da fashewar makaman nukiliya a karkashin yashi na hamada.
Dangane da yuwuwar wannan mummunar ranar, dole ne mu ci gaba da aiki, ma. Dole ne mu kiyaye jerin wasikunmu da tushen bayanai, aika saƙonnin ƙarfafawa da bayanai a cikin wasiƙun labarai da fashewar imel, kiyaye duk hanyoyin sadarwa a buɗe. Dole ne mu haɓaka abokantaka da ƙauna ga junanmu. Wataƙila tafiya ta zaman lafiya da aikin juriya na farar hula a wurin gwajin, ƙanƙanta idan aka kwatanta da babban zanga-zangar 1980s, ana iya la'akari da "muzara mai mahimmanci," gwajin da za mu iya auna yuwuwar mu don yin gwagwarmayar juriya ga cikakken ma'auni. gwajin bam na nukiliya idan muna bukata.
An gane zanga-zangar a Wurin Gwajin Nevada da kyau don mahimmancin tarihi. Wataƙila wata rana masu yawon bude ido zuwa Nevada za su bar gidajen caca na ɗan lokaci don ziyartar Sansanin Zaman Lafiya a matsayin wurin biki da bege, inda ɗan adam ya juya daga hanyar halaka. A wannan rana, Cibiyar Tsaro ta Nevada, da aka sake dawo da ita ga ikon mallakar Yammacin Shoshone Nation, zai zama abin tunawa na nadama game da laifuffukan da aka aikata a kan ƙasa da halittunta. Har yanzu wannan lokacin bai zo ba. Abin da za a ɗauka a matsayin tarihin Sansanin Zaman Lafiya da Wurin Gwaji, ba tare da ambaton tarihin wannan duniyar ba, har yanzu ana rubutawa yayin da muke tafiya da kuma yayin da muke aiki.
Brian Terrell shine mai gudanar da taron don Ƙwarewar Hamada ta Nevada kuma mai gudanarwa don Muryoyi don Ƙirƙirar Rashin Tashin hankali.brian@vcnv.org>
