Theungiyar Bayar da Bayani ta andasashen waje da losureorawa ta aika da wasiƙa tana kira ga Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai da Kwamitin Ayyukan Gidaje da su haɗa da buƙatar rahoto kan sansanonin ƙasashen waje a cikin FY2020 NDAA don ƙara nuna gaskiya, adana dala haraji, da inganta tsaron ƙasa. Fiye da likitocin sojoji da kungiyoyi fiye da dozin biyu sun sanya hannu kan wasikar.
Tambayoyi za a iya zuwa ga OBRACC2018@gmail.com.
Da godiya,
David
David Vine
Farfesa
Ma'aikatar Anthropology
Jami'ar Amirka
4400 Massachusetts Ave. NW
Washington, DC 20016 Amurka
Agusta 23, 2019
Mai Girma James Inhofe
Shugaban, Kwamitin Majalisar Dattawa kan Ayyukan Sojoji
Kyakkyawar Jack Reed
Ranking Member, Kwamitin Majalisar Dattawa kan Ayyukan Soja
Mai Girma Adam Smith
Shugaban, Kwamitin Ayyuka na Gida
Mai Girma Mac Thornberry
Ranking Member, Kwamitin Ayyuka na Gida
Maigirma Mataimaki Inhofe da Smith, da Membobin Ranungiyar Reed da Thornberry:
Mu gungun kwararrun rukunin sojoji ne daga kowane bangare na siyasa masu rubuce-rubuce don nusar da ku da ku kiyaye Sec. 1079 na HR 2500, "Rahoton Labari game da Kudaden Kuɗi na Postasashen waje na Haɓaka Sojan Amurka da Ayyuka," a cikin Dokar Defenseaddamar da Tsaro ta forasa don Kasafin Kundin Samun 2020. Idan an aiwatar da shi da kyau, wannan rahoto zai kara nuna gaskiya da kuma ba da damar kyakkyawan sanya ido kan kashe kudaden Pentagon, ba da gudummawa ga mahimmin kokarin kawar da kashe kudaden sojoji, tare da inganta shirye-shiryen soja da tsaron kasa.
Ya yi tsayi da yawa, ba a bayyana gaskiya game da sansanonin sojan Amurka da ayyukanta a ketare. A halin yanzu akwai ƙididdigar sojojin Amurka na 800 ("wuraren tushe") a wajen jihohin 50 da Washington, DC. An bazu su a cikin wasu ƙasashe da yankuna na 80 — kusan ninki biyu na ƙasashe masu masaukin baki idan aka kwatanta da ƙarshen Yakin Cacar Baki. [1]
Bincike ya nuna dadewa cewa asashen waje suna da wuyar rufewa da zarar an kafa su. Sau da yawa, sansanonin kasashen waje na zama a bude saboda ayyukan inshora kadai.[2] Jami'an soji da sauransu kan yi zaton cewa idan har akwai wata kafa ta ketare, to tilas ta kasance da fa'ida; Majalisa ba ta da ikon tilasta wa sojoji yin nazari ko kuma nuna fa'idodin tsaron kasa na sansanonin kasashen waje.
Rikicin cin hanci da rashawa na "Fat Leonard" na Sojojin Ruwa, wanda ya haifar da dubunnan miliyoyin daloli a kan kari da kuma cin hanci da rashawa a tsakanin manyan hafsoshin sojan ruwa, na daya daga cikin misalai da yawa na rashin cikakken kula da fararen hula a kasashen waje. Presencearin kasancewar sojoji a Afirka wani abu ne: Lokacin da sojoji huɗu suka mutu a faɗa a Nijar a cikin 2017, yawancin membobin Majalisar sun yi mamakin jin cewa akwai kusan sojoji dubu ɗaya a cikin wannan ƙasar. Kodayake Pentagon ta daɗe tana da'awar cewa tana da tushe ɗaya ne kawai a Afirka - a Djibouti - bincike ya nuna cewa a yanzu akwai wuraren girke-girke kusan 1,000 na masu girma dabam-dabam (wani jami'in soja ya amince da shigarwa 40 a 46). Wataƙila kuna cikin ƙaramin rukuni a Majalisar dokoki waɗanda suka san cewa sojojin Amurka sun shiga faɗa a cikin aƙalla ƙasashe 2017 tun shekara ta 3, tare da mummunan sakamako.
Tsarin kulawa na yanzu bai isa ba ga Majalisa da jama'a don aiwatar da ikon farar hula yadda yakamata akan shigarwa da ayyukan sojoji a ƙasashen ƙetare. Rahoton shekara-shekara na “Tsarin Tsarin Gidan Pentagon” yana ba da wasu bayanai game da lamba da girman wuraren shafukan yanar gizo a ƙasashen ƙetare, duk da haka, ya kasa bayar da rahoto game da ɗumbin sanannun shigarwa a cikin ƙasashen duniya kuma akai-akai na bayar da cikakkun bayanai ko ba daidai ba. [5] Dayawa suna zargin Pentagon bata san hakikanin adadin kayan girka a kasashen waje ba.
Ma'aikatar Tsaro "Rahoton Kashe Kashewa," wanda aka gabatar a cikin takaddun kasafin kudinsa, yana ba da taƙaitaccen bayani game da shigarwa a wasu amma ba duk ƙasashen da sojoji ke kula da sansanonin soji ba. Bayanan rahoton ba su cika cikawa ba kuma ba sa kasancewa a cikin ƙasashe da yawa. Fiye da shekaru goma, DoD ya ba da rahoton jimlar farashin shekara-shekara a saitin kasashen waje na kusan $ 20 biliyan. Wani bincike mai zaman kansa ya nuna cewa ainihin kuɗin aiki da kiyaye asusai a ƙetaren ya zarce ninki biyu, ya zarce dala biliyan 51 a shekara, tare da jimillar farashi (gami da ma'aikata) na kusan $ $ $ 150. [6] ya ba da mamaki musamman ganin yadda dubun biliyoyin daloli ke kwarara daga jihohin membobin majalisar da gundumomi zuwa wuraren ketare kowace shekara.
Idan an aiwatar da shi sosai, rahoton da ake buƙata na Sec. 1079 na HR 2500 zai inganta mahimmancin ayyukan sojoji a ƙasashen waje kuma ya ba da damar Majalisa da sauran jama'a su yi aikin kula na farar hula yadda ya kamata. Muna roƙonku ya haɗa da Sec. 1079 a cikin FY2020 NDAA. Muna kuma roƙonku da ku sake fasalin yaren gyaran don buga kalmomin a sakin layi na 1, "an haɗa shi a jerin mahalli mai ƙarewa." Ganin rashin cancantar Rahoton Tsarin Base, rahoton da ake buƙata ya kamata ya tsara farashin kuɗi da fa'idodin tsaron ƙasa na duk Abubuwan shigarwa na Amurka a kasashen waje.
Na gode da daukar wadannan muhimman matakai na kara nuna gaskiya, adana kudaden biyan haraji, da inganta tsaron kasa.
gaske,
Ƙasantawa na Ƙasashen waje da Ƙulla Ƙarƙashin
Christine Ahn, Women Cross DMZ
Andrew J. Bacevich, Cibiyar Quincy for Statecraft
Medea Benjamin, Codirector, Codepink
Phyllis Bennis, Darakta, Sabon Cibiyar Internationalism, Cibiyar Nazarin Nazari
Leah Bolger, CDR, US Navy (ret), Shugaba World BEYOND War
Noam Chomsky, Farfesa Farfesa na Linguistics, Agnese Nelms Haury Chair, Jami'ar Arizona / Farfesa Emeritus Massachusetts Cibiyar Fasaha
Cynthia Enloe, Farfesa na Bincike, Jami'ar Clark
Kawancen Harakokin waje, Inc.
Joseph Gerson, Shugaban kasa, Yakin neman zaman lafiya, Yaki da Neman Tsaro
David C. Hendrickson, Kwalejin Colorado
Matthew Hoh, Babban Firayi, Cibiyar Kasuwanci ta Duniya
Guahan hadin gwiwa don zaman lafiya da adalci
Kyle Kajihiro, Hawaiʻi Lafiya da Adalci
Gwyn Kirk, Mata don Gaskiya ta Gaskiya
MG Dennis Laich, Sojan Amurka, Mai ritaya
John Lindsay-Poland, Dakatar da Makamai na Amurka zuwa Babban Jami'in Harkokin Gudanar da Ayyukan Mexico, Babban Haɗin Duniya; marubucin, Sarakuna a cikin Jungle: Tarihin Hoye na Amurka a cikin Panama
Catherine Lutz, Thomas J. Watson, Jr. Babban Malami na Ilimin Anthropology da Nazarin Duniya, Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs da Sashen Anthropology, Jami'ar Brown
Khury Petersen-Smith, Cibiyar Nazarin Siyasa
Del Spurlock, Tsohon Babban Mashawarci kuma Mataimakin Sakatare na Sojojin Amurka don Kula da Ma'aikata da Kulawa
David Swanson, Babban Darakta, World BEYOND War
David Vine, Farfesa, Ma'aikatar Anthropology, Jami'ar Amirka
Stephen Wertheim, Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft da Saltzman Institute of War da Nazarin Zaman Lafiya, Jami'ar Columbia
Kanar Ann Wright, Sojan Amurka yayi ritaya kuma tsohon jami'in diflomasiyyar Amurka
Endnotes
[1] David Vine, "Jerin Sansanin Sojojin Amurka a roadasashen Waje," 2017, Jami'ar Amurka, http://dx.doi.org/10.17606/M6H599; David Vine, Base Nation: Ta yaya Sojojin Amurka suka Bayar da Ƙasashen Amurka da Duniya? (Metropolitan, 2015). Akwai ƙarin bayanai da adadi game da sansanonin Amurka a ƙasashen waje ana samun su a www.overseasbases.net/fact-sheet.html.Tambayoyi, ƙarin bayani: OBRACC2018@gmail.com / www.overseasbases.net.
[2] ofaya daga cikin karatun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya wanda ba kasafai ake samun sa ba a Amurka da kuma kasancewar sa a kasashen waje ya nuna cewa “da zarar an kafa sansanin Ba'amurke a kasashen waje, to sai ya yi rayuwar kansa…. Manzannin na asali na iya zama na da, amma ana samun sabbin manufa ne kawai, ba wai kawai da nufin ci gaba da aikin ba, amma galibi don fadada shi. ” Majalisar Dattijan Amurka, "Yarjejeniyar Tsaron Amurka da alkawurranta a Waje," Saurari a gaban Kwamitin Majalisar Dattawa kan Yarjejeniyar Tsaron Amurka da alkawurran da ke Waje na Kwamitin kan Harkokin Kasashen Waje, Majalisa ta casa'in da daya, Vol. 2, 2417. Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya tabbatar da wannan binciken. Misali, John Glaser, “Saukewa daga asesasashen Waje: Me yasa Matsin Jirgin Sama na Ci Gaba Ba shi Da Bukata, Ba A Daɗe Ba, kuma Mai Haɗari,” Nazarin Manufofin 816, Cibiyar CATO, 18 ga Yuli, 2017; Chalmers Johnson, The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, da kuma Ƙarshen Jamhuriyar (New York: Metropolitan, 2004); Vine, Base Nation.
[3] Nick Turse, “Sojojin Amurka Sun Ce Tana Da 'Sawun Sauki' a Afirka. Waɗannan Takaddun Suna Nuna Babbar Cibiyar Sadarwar Tushe, ” Tsarin kalma, Disamba 1, 2018,https://theintercept.com/2018/12/01/u-s-military-says-it-has-a-light-footprint-in-africa-these-documents-show-a-vast-network-of-bases/; Stephanie Savell da Shafin Bayani na 5W, "Wannan Taswira ta Nuna Inda a Duniya Sojojin Amurka suke Yaƙar Ta'addanci," Mujallar Smithsonian, Janairu 2019, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/map-shows-places-world-where-us-military-operates-180970997/; Nick Turse, "Takardar Yakin Yaƙin Amurka a Afirka Sirrin Takardun Sojojin Amurka Ya Bayyana Tattalin ofungiyoyin Sojojin Amurka A Thatasashen Nahiyar," TomDispatch.com, Afrilu 27, 2017, http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/176272/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_the_u.s._military_moves_deeper_into_africa/.
[4] Afghanistan, Pakistan, Philippines, Somalia, Yemen, Iraq, Libya, Uganda, South Sudan, Burkina Faso, Chadi, Niger, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Syria, Kenya, Kamaru, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyya na Kongo, Saudi Arabia, da Tunisia. Duba Savell da 5W Infographics; Nick Turse da Sean D. Naylor, "An Bayyana: Ayyukan Sojoji 36 na Sojojin Amurka masu suna a Afirka," Yahoo News, Afrilu 17, 2019, https://news.yahoo.com/revealed-the-us-militarys-36-codenamed-operations-in-africa-090000841.html.
[5] Nick Turse, "Bases, Bases, A Ko Ina… Fãce a cikin rahoton Pentagon," TomDispatch.com, Janairu 8, 2019, http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/176513/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_one_down%2C_who_knows_how_many_to_go/#more; Vine, Tushe Kasar, 3-5; Vine, "Jerin sunayen Asusun Sojojin Amurka na ketare."
[6] David Vine, Jami'ar Amurka, kimanta farashin farashi na OBRACC, itacen inabi@american.edu, haɓaka ƙididdiga a cikin Vine, Tushe Kasar, 195-214.
