by Brad Wolf, Patterson Deppen, Mujallar ci gaba, Agusta 19, 2021
Tun lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, sojojin Amurka sun kasance aka ajiye akan sansanonin sojan Amurka a duk duniya. A yau, akwai a kusa da 750 irin wannan tushe a wasu ƙasashe tamanin da yankuna.
An auna ta dangane da sansanonin soji, Amurka tana da babbar daula a tarihin duniya. Yana kula 80 zuwa 90 bisa dari na duk sansanonin sojan kasashen waje a Duniya.
Manufar da aka bayyana na wannan takun sawu na soji shine kiyaye zaman lafiya, kare abokan kawance, kare hanyoyin kasuwanci, da tallafawa manufofin demokraɗiyya. Amma Bincike ya nuna cewa waɗannan sansanonin suna da wani sakamako na daban: Suna ƙara tashin hankali na duniya, ƙin jin haushin gida, haɗarin abokan tarayya, gurɓata duniyar, da haɓaka yuwuwar yaƙi.
Pentagon yana ganin cibiyar sadarwarta ta duniya a matsayin wani ɓangare na "cikakken rinjaye. ” Hakanan ana iya kiransa mulkin mallaka, mulkin mallaka, ko kuma matsanancin matsanancin matsanancin daula.
Hatta babban jami'in soja, shugaban hafsoshin hafsoshin sojojin Mark Milley, ya yarda cewa Amurka, kamar yadda ya sanya a watan Disambar da ya gabata, tana da "abubuwan more rayuwa da yawa a ƙasashen waje." Ya yi kira da "duba mai wuya," yana mai cewa yawancin sansanonin kasashen waje "sun samo asali ne daga inda yakin duniya na biyu ya kare."
Amma duk da haka sansanonin sun kasance, sun warwatse a wurare da yawa masu nisa ba ma Pentagon ba iya ci gaba da kirgawa. Amma ya bayyana cewa adadin sansanonin yana raguwa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, zuwa inda yake a mafi ƙarancin lokaci na ƙarni na ashirin da ɗaya.
A Afghanistan, babu sansanonin sojan Amurka da suka rage. Sama da wata guda kafin hanzarin hauhawar ikon Taliban a Kabul a wannan makon, sojojin Amurka sun bar babban sansanin su na karshe, Filin Jirgin Sama na Bagram, marigayi a tsakiyar dare. Tare da raguwar ci gaba a Iraki, shida kawai suka rage a wurin. A lokacin “yaƙin duniya na ta’addanci,” akwai ɗaruruwan sansanoni da ƙananan wuraren yaƙi a duk ƙasashen biyu.
Duk da haka, yayin da sansanonin Amurka ke kusa, ana ba da shawara ko gina wasu wurare. Sabili da haka adadin adadin sansanonin ya kasance a bayyane kuma a cikin juzu'i, tsari mai dacewa da Pentagon.
A Guam, yanzu haka ana kan aikin ginawa Camp Blaz, sansanin sojan Amurka na farko a yankin tun daga 1952. Ana ba da ƙarin sansanonin akan wasu ƙananan tsibirai a cikin tekun Pacific, gami da Palau, Yap, da Tinian. Yawancin ƙarami, ƙarin asirin sirri ya mamaye duniya, abin da yanzu sojoji ke kira "Tushen lily-pad." Waɗannan za su iya ɓoye gida ƙasa da sojoji ɗari kuma su mamaye wurare masu nisa waɗanda yawancin membobin Majalisar ba su sani ba.
Me yasa Amurka ke buƙatar asusu da yawa na ƙasashen waje? Amsar a takaice ita ce ba.
Dangane da adadi mai yawa na sansanonin sojan Amurka a ƙasashen waje, Harkokin Gudanar da Harkokin {asashen Waje na {asar Amirka, ƙungiyar ƙungiyoyi goma sha huɗu waɗanda suka himmatu don rufe duk sansanonin ƙasashen waje, an ƙirƙira su a cikin 2017. Yana bayar da hujjar cewa waɗannan sansanonin sune “manyan kayan mulkin mallaka na duniya da lalacewar muhalli” kuma suna ganin rufewa azaman matakin da ya zama dole don “adalci, zaman lafiya da duniya mai dorewa. ”
The Haɗin Ginin Ƙasashen waje da Haɗin Rufewa, wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2018, kuma yana neman sa duniya ta kasance cikin aminci da aminci, tare da adana biliyoyin daloli, ta hanyar rage yawan sansanonin. Kungiyar, wacce ta kunshi furofesoshi na jami'a, manyan jami'an soji mai ritaya, da cibiyoyin manufofin kasashen waje, sun bayyana cewa kula da cibiyoyin kasashen waje da yawa "yana lalata amincin kasar da duniya."
World BEYOND War's "Babu Kamfen Gangamin”Yana neman a rufe dukkan sansanonin sojan Amurka na kasashen waje. Black Alliance for Peace, tare da "Cibiyar Sadarwar Amurka Daga Afirka, ”Yana buƙatar janye sojojin Amurka gaba ɗaya daga Afirka, da kawar da nahiyyar Afirka, da kuma rufe dukkan sansanonin sojan kasashen waje a duniya. Kungiyar agaji ta Red Nation. shirin siyasa.
Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin suna amfani da wannan lokacin a matsayin wata dama don canji mai ma'ana. Gwamnatin Biden ta yi alƙawarin a Binciken Matsayin Duniya don sake kimanta tura sojoji a duniya. A cewar Andrew Bacevich, shugaban kungiyar Cibiyar Quincy don alhakin Statecraft, da David Vine, marubucin litattafan gargajiya kan batun, Base Nation da kuma Amurka na Yaƙi, Wannan Binciken Matsayi na Duniya yana ba da damar “rufe asusu a hankali da ɗaukar nauyi, adana kuɗi, da sake dawo da ƙawancen Amurka da kasancewar diflomasiyya a duk duniya.”
Ga mutane da yawa a cikin gwamnati, yana da wuya a yi tunanin kowane nau'in manufofin ƙasashen waje ban da garkuwa da duniya. Amma matsin lamba daga waɗannan ƙungiyoyi da ƙungiyoyi, bambancinsu daban -daban, da ingantaccen hujjarsu, ya sa canji ya zama mai yiwuwa. A cikin duniyar da ke cike da yaƙi, wannan canjin ba zai iya zuwa da wuri ba.