Ta Pat Elder, Oktoba 23, 2020
daga Magungunan Soja
Sojojin Sama sun gurbata ruwan karkashin kasa a Joint Base Andrews tare da sassa 39,700 a cikin tiriliyan sunadarai na PFAS a cewar Rahoton da Sojojin Sama suka fitar a watan Mayu, 2018. Wannan ba daidai ba ne "Breaking News" kodayake 'yan kaɗan sun sani game da shi.
Tushen yana gurɓata kogin Patuxent da Potomac. Ruwan ƙasa daga wurare da yawa akan tushe inda aka yi amfani da kumfar PFAS suna motsawa zuwa gabas zuwa Patuxent da yamma zuwa Potomac. A halin yanzu, ruwan saman daga tushe yana tafiya zuwa Piscataway Creek, Cabin Branch Creek, Henson Creek, da kuma Reshen Gidan Ruwa, suna zubar da ruwa zuwa duka kogunan. Andrews, "Gidan Sojan Sama na 1" shine kawai tushe a cikin jihar da aka san guba ga Patuxent da Potomac.
PFAS na iya yin tafiyar mil. Yana gurbata kifi kuma yana cutar da mutane masu cinye shi.
Wanene ya sani?
Google PFAS Hadin Gwiwar Andrews. Ba za ku sami labarin labari game da cutar PFAS a Andrews ba, kodayake an “buga sakamakon” a watan Mayu na 2018. Hakan ya faru ne saboda Sojan Sama ba su aika da labaran manema labarai game da waɗannan abubuwa da Washington Post da 'yan jaridu na gida gaba ɗaya kar a rufe shi. Irin wannan rahoton na binciken yana da sauƙin isa, kodayake yawancin labaran labarai ba su da ƙarfin ko sha'awar bin labarai kamar wannan. Sakamakon haka, 'yan kalilan ne ke sane da barazanar da ke tattare da lafiyar jama'a wanda rundunar Sojan Sama ta yi amfani da wadannan kwayoyin cutar.
Fara nan don fara kallon gurbatarwar da Sojojin Sama suka yi a sansanoni a duk faɗin ƙasar.
Sojojin Sama suna wallafa rahotannin injiniyoyin da ke tattara gurbatar PFAS a duk faɗin ƙasar, kodayake hanyoyin kai tsaye ga waɗannan wallafe-wallafen ba su wanzu. Yana nufin takarda garin ku da wuya ta gudanar da wani labari wanda ke bayanin gurbatar sojoji game da yanayin yankin, musamman ruwan saman. Zai buƙaci digiri na sassauci, fasaha da aka ɓace.
Dubunnan koguna da koguna a duk faɗin ƙasar suna ɗauke da matakan gubobi masu yawa, yanayi mai haɗari musamman idan aka yi la’akari da yanayin kwayar halittu da yawa daga cikin waɗannan sunadarai da kuma yadda suke son haɗuwa cikin kifi a dubban sau matakan cikin ruwa. Cin abincin teku daga gurbataccen ruwa shine babbar hanyar da PFAS ke shiga jikin mu. Gurɓataccen ruwan sha abu ne mai nisa na biyu, kodayake wannan gaskiyar gaskiya ce ga EPA, DOD, Congress, da kuma jihar Maryland.
Danna cikin rahoton da ke sama ka kuma duba Teburin abubuwan da ke ciki. Binciko sharuddan kamar ruwan karkashin kasa, ruwan saman, rami mai ƙonewa, da sauransu .Ka tuna cewa manyan jami'an lafiyar jama'a na ƙasar sun ce cinye kashi 1 cikin tiriliyan na waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta na da haɗari yayin da wasu kifin da aka kama kusa da kuɗin soja na ɗauke da miliyoyin ɓangarori da tiriliyan a cikin ƙoshin lafiya da kifin kifi da kawa da kadoji? Babu wanda ya sani a cikin Maryland.
Komawa cikin 1970, Sojan Sama na Amurka sun fara amfani da ruwa mai ƙirar kumfa (AFFF), mai ɗauke da PFOS da PFOA, don kashe wutar man fetur. AFFF sun shiga cikin yanayi yayin horon wuta na yau da kullun, kula da kayan aiki, adanawa, da yawan haɗari. Hanyoyin hangen nesa suna da kayan aiki tare da tsarin danniya na sama wanda aka sanya su tare da PFAS kuma ana gwada su akai-akai tun daga shekarun 1970. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan tsarin suna da ikon rufe layin hango na 2-acre tare da ƙafa 17 na kumfa a cikin mintina 2.
Ga takaitaccen hangen nesa game da tarihin amfani da PFAS a Andrews wanda aka ɗauke shi daga rahoton:
“Tsohuwar Hare Berry Farm tana gefen kudu na JBA, kusa da shingen tsaro kuma a cikin iyakar shigarwa. An yi amfani da gonar don shuka strawberry, rasberi, da amfanin gona na blackberry. A watan Mayu 1992 a lokacin gwajin gwajin kashe jirgin sama, kimanin galan 500 na AFFF an sake shi zuwa Piscataway Creek, tushen ruwan ban ruwa don amfanin gonar. Bayan sakin, mai mallakar ya nemi USAF ta tantance ko amfanin gonar ba shi da wata fa'ida ga ɗan adam. USAF ta gwada amfanin gona a watan Agusta 1992 kuma ta yanke shawarar sun dace da amfani bisa ƙa'idodin Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna (FDA). A cikin 1993, an shirya kimantawa don kimanta haɗarin da ke tattare da tasirin gurɓataccen gurɓatuwa daga mahadi kamar AFFF, shan ruwa mai laushi, ragowar mai, abubuwan ƙyama, da magungunan kashe ƙwari waɗanda suka shiga Piscataway Creek tare da ruwan JBA na ruwan sama. Binciken na 1993 ya tabbatar da cewa Piscataway Creek bai haifar da wata matsala ba ga lafiyar mutum ko kuma muhalli. ”
Kada ku damu ku yi farin ciki?
Ko yakamata jihar da / ko kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu su tashi tsaye don fara gwada ruwan saman kusa da kayan sojoji kamar wannan?
Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Maryland ba ta taimaka ba. Sauran jihohi, kamar Michigan, sun buga ba sa cin shawarwari game da barewar dafi mai guba da ke zaune kusa da Wurtsmuth Air Force Base - sansanin da aka rufe shekaru 30 da suka gabata! Ana ba da shawarwari game da kifi mil da yawa daga wurin da aka rufe yayin da jihar ta kai karar sojoji saboda barnar da ta samo asali daga amfani da PFAS a kan tushe. Ba haka ba ne a Maryland, inda jihar ta fi so kada ta yi cudanya da Pentagon a kan waɗannan batutuwa.
PFAS sunadarai ne masu illa na musamman. Baya ga yanayin rayuwarsu, ba zasu taba lalacewa ba, saboda haka lakabin: "sunadarai na har abada." Suna da alaƙa da yawancin cututtukan daji, rashin daidaito na tayi, da cututtukan yara da yawa. EPA baya aiki a matsayin hukuma mai kulawa a karkashin gwamnatin Trump kuma jihar tayi bacci a canjin, ta bar lafiyar jama'a cikin hadari.
Wuraren ƙonawa
Yankunan horo na wuta (FTA's) sun ƙunshi rami mai ƙonewa na ƙafa 200-300. Yayin ayyukan horo na wuta, ramin ƙonewa ya cika da ruwa kafin a ƙara kimanin galan dubu ɗaya zuwa dubu biyu na ruwan wuta mai ƙonewa a cikin ramin ƙonawa da kunnawa. Sun yi amfani da mai kuma sun gauraya shi da man jirgin sama. Dubunnan galan na kumfa za a iya amfani da mafita yayin taron da aka bayar.
An yi amfani da yankin horon wuta da aka nuna a sama a kusurwar kudu maso gabas na titin jirgin don ayyukan horar da gobara daga 1973 zuwa 1990. An gudanar da atisayen mako-mako wanda ya kunshi kunna ruwan wuta mai ƙonewa a cikin rami mai ƙonawa da kashe wutar da ta haifar da AFFF. Babban gizagizai na hayaƙin hayaƙi mai guba da ƙura zai bayyana. Sojojin Sama ba su damu da bin yawan AFFF da aka yi amfani da su a lokacin atisayen ba.
Ruwa mai yawa da aka samar yayin atisayen ya gudana a ƙetaren wurin ƙonewar. Ragowar kumfa da ruwa sun wuce zuwa cikin tsakkiyar ƙasan matattarar leaching. Ruwan ruwa galibi yana ratsa tsakuwa zuwa cikin ƙasa, amma kogin leaching din yakan zama abin toshewa, wanda ke haifar da tabkin ya malale saman ƙasa a yankin.
An kuma yi amfani da ramin don lokaci da nesa don motocin kashe gobara ta amfani da AFFF. A tarihi, ana yin gwaji sau da yawa a shekara don gwada saitunan motar wuta don tabbatar da aikin kayan aiki da kyau, musamman a nesa.
Sojojin Sama sun yi rikici a cikin Yankin Prince George, Maryland, ta yin amfani da kumfa masu cutar kansa a wurare da yawa a JB Andrews:
- Yankunan da ke Koyar da Wuta da yawa
- Hangars 16, 11, 6, 7
- Ginin Gidan Wuta 3629
- Tsohuwar Hale Berry Farm
Idan ba a sami tabbataccen aiki ba daga Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Maryland don daidaita PFAS a cikin jihar, dole ne Babban Taro ya dauki matakin tilastawa kungiyar Hogan-Grumbles don kiyaye lafiyar jama'a.
