Daga C Liegh McInnis, World BEYOND War, Mayu 5, 2023
An gabatar da shi a lokacin Mayu 4, 2023, Vietnam zuwa Yukren: Darussan don Ƙungiyar Zaman Lafiya ta Amurka Tunawa da Jihar Kent da Jihar Jackson! Webinar ya karbi bakuncin Kwamitin Ayyukan Zaman Lafiya na Green Party; Ƙungiyar Jama'a don Duniya, Adalci & Aminci; da Green Party na Ohio
Jami'ar Jihar Jackson, kamar yawancin HBCUs, ita ce alamar gwagwarmayar baƙar fata da mulkin mallaka. Yayin da aka kafa mafi yawan HBCU a lokacin ko kuma bayan sake ginawa, sun kasance cikin tsarin mulkin mallaka na Amurka na rarrabawa da ba da tallafi ga baƙar fata da cibiyoyi na baƙar fata ta yadda ba za su zama fiye da gonaki na gaskiya ba wanda azzalumai fararen fata ke sarrafa tsarin karatun don sarrafawa. basira da ci gaban tattalin arzikin Amurkawa na Afirka. Ɗaya daga cikin misalin wannan shine, a cikin ƙarshen 1970s, Mississippi's uku jama'a HBCUs-Jackson State, Alcorn, da Mississippi Valley - dole su sami yarda daga jihar College Board kawai don gayyatar masu magana zuwa harabar. A yawancin al'amuran, Jihar Jackson ba ta da 'yancin kai don yanke shawarar alkiblar ilimi. Duk da haka, godiya ga manyan shugabanni da furofesoshi, irin su tsohon shugaban kasa Dr. John A. Peoples, mawaƙi kuma marubuci Dr. Margaret Walker Alexander, da sauransu, Jihar Jackson ta sami damar kauce wa wariyar launin fata na ilimi ta Mississippi kuma ta zama ɗaya daga cikin HBCU goma sha ɗaya kawai da suka cimma. Bincike Matsayi Biyu. A zahiri, Jihar Jackson ita ce ta biyu mafi tsufa Bincike HBCU biyu. Bugu da kari, Jihar Jackson wani bangare ne na abin da wasu ke kira Triangle na Civil Rights kamar JSU, Ginin COFO, da ofishin Medgar Evers a matsayin shugaban Mississippi NAACP duk suna kan titi daya, diagonal daga juna, suna yin alwatika. Don haka, kusa da harabar JSU, Ginin COFO ne, wanda ya zama hedkwatar Summer Summer kuma ya jawo hankalin ɗaliban JSU da yawa a matsayin masu aikin sa kai. Kuma, ba shakka, yawancin ɗaliban JSU suna cikin ƙungiyar matasa ta NAACP domin Evers ya taimaka wajen tsara su cikin Harkar. Amma, kamar yadda za ku iya tunanin, wannan bai yi kyau ba ga mafi rinjaye na Hukumar Kwalejin Kolejin ko kuma mafi rinjaye na majalisar dokokin jihar, wanda ya haifar da ƙarin raguwa na kudade da kuma cin zarafin dalibai da malamai gaba ɗaya wanda ya kai ga harbin 1970 wanda ya kai ga harbi. Jami'an tsaron kasa na Mississippi sun kewaye harabar jami'ar kuma jami'an sintiri na babbar hanya ta Mississippi da 'yan sanda na Jackson sun shiga harabar harabar, inda suka yi harbin sama da dari hudu a cikin dakin kwanan mata, inda suka jikkata goma sha takwas tare da kashe biyu: Phillip Lafayette Gibbs da James Earl Green.
Haɗa wannan taron zuwa tattaunawar daren yau, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa ƙungiyar ɗaliban jihar Jackson ta haɗa da tsoffin tsoffin sojojin Vietnam, irin su mahaifina, Claude McInnis, wanda ya dawo gida ya shiga jami'a, ya ƙudura don sa ƙasar ta ci gaba da bin aƙidar dimokraɗiyya don haka. sun kasance cikin kuskure suna yaƙi a ƙasashen waje. Hakazalika, ni da mahaifina an tilasta mana mu zaɓi tsakanin mugayen masu mulkin mallaka. Ba a sanya shi cikin Vietnam ba. An tilasta wa mahaifina shiga aikin soja domin wani bature mai shari’a ya zo gidan kakana ya ba da wa’adi cewa, “Idan wannan li’l red nigger ɗan naka ya daɗe a nan, zai ga kansa ya san itace.” Don haka, kakana ya sa mahaifina aikin soja saboda yana jin cewa Vietnam za ta fi Mississippi tsaro domin, aƙalla a Vietnam, zai sami makamin da zai kare kansa. Shekaru ashirin da biyu bayan haka, na ga cewa dole ne in shiga Jami’ar Tsaro ta Mississippi— rundunar da ta yi kisan kiyashi a JSU—domin ba ni da wata hanya ta gama karatuna na jami’a. Wannan wani ci gaba ne na baƙar fata za su zaɓa tsakanin mafi ƙanƙanta na mugunta biyu don kawai su tsira. Duk da haka, mahaifina ya koya mani cewa, a wani lokaci, rayuwa ba za ta kasance kawai game da zaɓe tsakanin ƙanana na mugunta biyu ba kuma dole ne mutum ya kasance a shirye ya sadaukar da kome don ƙirƙirar duniyar da mutane ke da zaɓi na gaske wanda zai iya kai ga cikakken zama ɗan ƙasa wanda zai iya zama ɗan ƙasa. yana ba su damar cika damar ɗan adam. Abin da ya yi ke nan ta hanyar kafa kungiyar Vet Club, wacce kungiya ce ta Vietnam Vets wacce ta yi aiki tare da sauran kungiyoyin kare hakkin jama'a na cikin gida da kuma kungiyoyin bakar fata na kasa don taimakawa wajen 'yantar da al'ummar Afirka daga mulkin kama karya. Hakan ya hada da yin sintiri a titin da ya ratsa cikin harabar JSU domin tabbatar da cewa masu ababen hawa za su bi ka’idojin gudun hijira domin yawancin dalibai suna cin zarafi da dalibai biyu da farar motoci suka buge su kuma ba a taba gurfanar da su a gaban kotu ba. Amma, ina so in bayyana. A daren ranar 15 ga Mayu, 1970, harbi, babu wani abu da ke faruwa a cikin harabar da zai tabbatar da kasancewar jami'an tsaro. Babu wani gangami ko wani nau'i na siyasa da daliban suka yi. Rikicin da ya barke shi ne jami'an tsaro na yankin sun yi bore kan daliban bakar fata da ba su ji ba su gani ba. Wannan harbin wani hari ne da ba a san ransa ba a jihar Jackson a matsayin alamar bakaken fata na amfani da ilimi wajen zama ‘yan kasa. Kuma kasancewar tabbatar da doka da ba dole ba a harabar jihar Jackson bai bambanta da kasancewar sojojin da ba dole ba a Vietnam da kuma ko'ina an tura sojojin mu kawai don kafa ko kiyaye mulkin mallaka na Amurka.
Ci gaba da aikin mahaifina da sauran Tsohon Sojan Mississippi na Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama, na yi aiki ta hanyoyi guda uku don haskaka wannan tarihin, koyar da wannan tarihin, da kuma amfani da wannan tarihin don ƙarfafa wasu su zama masu ƙwazo don tsayayya da zalunci ta kowane nau'i. A matsayina na marubuci mai kirkira, na buga wakoki da gajerun labarai game da harin 1970 da jami’an tsaro suka kai wa JSU da kuma tarihin gaba daya da gwagwarmayar Jihar Jackson. A matsayina na marubuci, na buga kasidu game da musabbabi da sakamakon harin da aka kai wa JSU a shekarar 1970 da kuma ci gaba da gwagwarmayar da wannan cibiya take yi na yakar manufofin turawa. A matsayina na malami a JSU, ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ya sa ajin adabin nawa sanadi da takarda sakamako shine “Mene ne sanadin harin 1970 a jihar Jackson?” Don haka, yawancin ɗalibaina sun yi bincike da rubuta game da wannan tarihin. Kuma, a ƙarshe, a matsayina na malami, na kasance mai himma a ciki kuma na ba da shaida yayin gudanar da shari'ar tarayya ta Ayers Case inda Mississippi's uku na jama'a HBCUs suka kai ƙarar jihar saboda ayyukanta na nuna wariya. A cikin dukkan ayyukana, musamman a matsayina na marubuci mai ƙirƙira, zamanin Vietnam da Ƙungiyar Zaman Lafiya ta Amurka sun koya mini abubuwa huɗu. Na daya-shiru abokin mugunta ne. Biyu—Siyasa ta cikin gida, ta ƙasa, da ta duniya suna haɗin gwiwa ne idan ba ɗaya ba, musamman ma dangane da yadda gwamnati ke ba da tallafin yaƙi don faɗaɗa daularta maimakon ba da tallafin ilimi, kiwon lafiya, da ayyukan yi don samar da daidaito ga 'yan ƙasa. Na uku-ba yadda za a yi gwamnati ta shiga ko aiwatar da ayyukan rashin adalci a cikin gida ko kuma a ketare kuma a dauke ta a matsayin mai adalci. Kuma, hudu - kawai lokacin da mutane suka tuna cewa su ne gwamnati kuma zaɓaɓɓun jami'ai suna yi musu aiki za mu iya zabar wakilai da kafa manufofin da za su samar da zaman lafiya maimakon mulkin mallaka. Ina amfani da waɗannan darussa a matsayin jagora ga rubuce-rubucena da koyarwa don tabbatar da cewa aikina zai iya ba da bayanai da zaburarwa ga wasu don taimakawa wajen gina duniya mai zaman lafiya da wadata. Kuma, na gode da samun ni.
McInnis mawaƙi ne, marubuci ɗan gajeriyar labari, kuma malamin Ingilishi mai ritaya a Jami'ar Jahar Jackson, tsohon edita/mawallafin Littafin Littattafai na Black Magnolias, kuma marubucin littattafai takwas, gami da tarin waƙoƙi huɗu, tarin gajerun almara guda ɗaya (Rubutu. : Sketches and Tales of Urban Mississippi), aiki ɗaya na sukar wallafe-wallafe (The Lyrics of Prince: A Literary Look at a Creative, Musical Poet, Philosopher, and Storyteller), daya-marubuci aiki, Brother Hollis: The Sankofa of a Movement Mutum, wanda ya tattauna rayuwar gunkin 'Yancin Jama'a na Mississippi, da kuma tsohon Mai tsere na Farko na lambar yabo ta Amiri Baraka/Sonia Sanchez wanda Jihar North Carolina A&T ta dauki nauyinsa. Bugu da ƙari, an buga aikinsa a cikin mujallu da litattafai masu yawa, ciki har da Obsidian, Tribes, Konch, Down to the Dark River, tarihin wakoki game da Kogin Mississippi, da Black Hollywood Unchained, wanda shine tarihin kasidu game da hoton Hollywood. Amurkawa na Afirka.
