by Labarai na CO-OP, Satumba 17, 2021
Ernst Friedrich (1894-1967)
Ernst Friedrich, wanda ya kafa Gidan Tarihi na Yaƙi da Yaƙi a Berlin, an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 1894 a Breslau. Tuni a cikin farkon shekarunsa ya tsunduma cikin harkar matasa na proletarian. A cikin 1911, bayan ya fasa koyon aikin injiniya, ya zama memba na Social Democratic Party (SPD). A cikin 1916 ya shiga cikin matasa masu yaƙi da aikin yaƙi kuma an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku bayan wani aiki na zagon ƙasa a cikin kamfani mai mahimmanci na soja.
A matsayin babban adadi na »anarchism na matasa« ya yi yaƙi da yaƙe -yaƙe da yaƙi, da aikin 'yan sanda da adalci. A cikin 1919 ya karɓi cibiyar matasa na "Matasan 'Yan Socialist na Ƙarshe" (FSJ) a Berlin kuma ya mai da shi wurin taron matasa masu adawa da mulkin mallaka da masu fasahar juyin juya hali.
Bayan shirya nune-nunen ya yi balaguro zuwa Jamus kuma ya ba da laccoci na jama'a da ke karanta marubutan anti-soja da masu sassaucin ra'ayi kamar Erich Mühsam, Maxim Gorki, Fjodor Dostojewski da Leo Tolstoi.
A cikin shekaru ashirin an sami ɗan zaman lafiya Ernst Friedrich a Berlin don littafinsa "Yaƙi da Yaƙi!" Lokacin da ya buɗe Gidan Tarihi na Yaƙi a 29, Titin Parochial. Gidan kayan gargajiya ya zama cibiyar ayyukan al'adu da zaman lafiya har sai da Nazis suka lalata shi a cikin Maris 1933 kuma aka kama wanda ya kafa shi.
Littafin Friedrich »Yaƙi da Yaƙi!« (1924) littafi ne mai ban tsoro mai rikitarwa wanda ke rikitar da abubuwan ban tsoro na Yaƙin Duniya na Farko. Hakan ya sa ya zama sananne a ciki da wajen Jamus. Sakamakon ba da gudummawa ya sami damar siyan wani tsohon gini a Berlin inda ya kafa "Gidan Tarihi na Yaki da Yaƙi na Duniya na farko".
Bayan ya kasance a kurkuku tuni kafin Friedrich ya lalace da kuɗi lokacin da aka sake yanke masa hukunci a 1930. Duk da haka ya yi nasarar fitar da taskar tarihinsa mai daraja zuwa ƙasashen waje.
A cikin Maris 1933 sojojin guguwar Nazi, wanda ake kira SA, sun lalata Gidan Tarihi na Yaƙi kuma an kama Friedrich har zuwa ƙarshen shekarar. Bayan haka shi da danginsa sun yi hijira zuwa Belgium, inda ya buɗe »II. Anti-War Museum «. Lokacin da sojojin Jamus suka shiga sai ya shiga Resistance na Faransa. Bayan 'yantar da Faransa ya zama ɗan ƙasar Faransa kuma memba na Jam'iyyar gurguzu.
Tare da biyan diyya da ya samu daga Jamus Friedrich ya sami damar siyan wani fili kusa da Paris, inda ya kafa abin da ake kira »Ile de la Paix«, cibiyar zaman lafiya da fahimtar ƙasashen duniya inda ƙungiyoyin matasa na Jamus da Faransa za su iya haɗuwa. A 1967 Ernst Friedrich ya mutu a Le Perreux sur Marne.
Gidan Tarihin Anti-War na yau ya tuna Ernst Friedrich da labarin gidan kayan tarihin sa tare da zane-zane, nunin faifai da fina-finai.
https://www.anti-kriegs-museum.de/english/start1.html
Anti-Kriegs-Museum eV
Bruesseler Str. 21
D-13353 Berlin
Lambar waya: 0049 030 45 49 01 10
bude kullun 16.00 - 20.00 (kuma Lahadi da hutu)
Don ziyartar ƙungiya kuma kira 0049 030 402 86 91
