Daga Alex Edney-Browne, Lisa Ling, Los Angeles Times, Yuli 16, 2017.
Matukin jirgi mara matuki suna barin rundunar sojojin saman Amurka a ciki rikodin lambobi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan - da sauri fiye da sababbin ma'aikata za a iya zaɓar da horar da su. Suna yin la'akari da haɗuwa da ƙananan matsayi a cikin soja, yawan aiki da kuma raunin hankali.
Amma sabon abin tunawa da aka yada game da yakin basasar Amurka a boye ya kasa ambaton "yawan kwarara," kamar yadda daya. memo na rundunar sojin sama kira shi. "Drone Warrior: Babban Soja na Cikin Gida na Farautar Makiya Mafi Hatsari na Amurka" ya ba da labarin kusan shekaru 10 da Brett Velicovich, tsohon memba na ayyuka na musamman, ya kashe ta amfani da jirage marasa matuka don taimakawa sojoji na musamman gano da bin diddigin 'yan ta'adda. A saukake, yana kuma sanya tsadar siyarwa a kan shirin wanda darajojin sojojin sama ke fafutukar ci gaba da cikawa.
Velicovich ya rubuta abin tunawa - game da lokacinsa "farauta da kallo a cikin magudanar ruwa na Gabas ta Tsakiya" - don nuna yadda jiragen sama "ke ceton rayuka da karfafa bil'adama, sabanin yawancin labarun da ke jefa su cikin mummunan haske." Madadin haka, littafin shine, a mafi kyawu, tatsuniya na bravado na hyper-maza kuma, a mafi munin, wani yanki na farfagandar soja da aka ƙera don sauƙaƙe shakku game da shirin jirgi mara matuƙi da ƙara ɗaukar ma'aikata.
Velicovich da marubucin littafin, Christopher S. Stewart, mai ba da rahoto na Wall Street Journal, ya ƙarfafa tatsuniyar cewa jirage marasa matuka na inji ne na sani da daidaito. Velicovich yayi karin bayani game da daidaiton fasaha, yin watsi da ambaton sau nawa ya kasa ko wancan irin wannan gazawar sun kashe fararen hula da ba a tantance ba. Misali, CIA ta kashe Yara 76 da manya 29 A kokarin da take yi na kwace Ayman al Zawahiri, shugaban kungiyar Al Qaeda, wanda aka ruwaito yana raye.
Amma duk da haka, "Ba ni da shakka cewa za mu iya samun kowa a duniya," in ji Velicovich, "ko ta yaya suke boye." Mutum na iya tambayar Velicovich ya bayyana mutuwar Warren Weinstein, Ba'amurke, kuma Giovanni Lo Porto, wani dan kasar Italiya - dukkansu ma'aikatan agaji ne da wani harin da jirgin Amurka mara matuki ya kashe a harin da aka kaiwa 'yan kungiyar Al Qaeda a Pakistan.
"Mun yi imanin cewa wannan cibiyar Al Qaeda ce," in ji Shugaba Obama watanni uku bayan yajin aikin, "ba wani farar hula da ya halarta." Lallai sojojin sama sun yi agogo daruruwan hours na sa ido kan ginin da jirage marasa matuka. Ta yi amfani da kyamarori masu ɗaukar hoto, waɗanda ya kamata su gane kasancewar mutum ta wurin zafin jikinsa lokacin da aka toshe layin gani. Koyaya, ko ta yaya binciken ya kasa lura da ƙarin gawarwaki biyu - Weinstein da La Porto - waɗanda aka yi garkuwa da su a cikin ginin.
Watakila ma'aikatan agajin ba a lura da su ba saboda, a cewar wani rahoto da ke tafe kan iyakokin fasahar mara matuki da hadin gwiwar ta rubuta. Pratap Chatterjee, babban darektan ƙungiyar masu sa ido CorpWatch, da Christian Stork, kyamarori masu ɗaukar hoto na thermal "ba za su iya gani ta cikin bishiyoyi ba kuma bargo mai kyau wanda ke watsar da zafin jiki kuma zai iya jefar da su," kuma ba za su iya "ganin cikin ginshiki ba ko kuma na karkashin kasa. .”
Ko da ma mafi maƙarƙashiya shine ƙoƙarin memoir ɗin don haɗawa da azabar tunani na ma'aikatan jirgin sama da manazarta leƙen asiri da mayar da shi labari na jaruntaka da stoicism. "Na yi yaƙi don buɗe idanuna," Velicovich ya rubuta game da yin aiki yayin da ba barci ba. "Kowace sa'a da aka bata wata sa'a ce da makiya suka shirya, wata sa'a ta kashe."
Kwatanta wannan hoton tare da gaskiyar kamar yadda Col. Jason Brown, kwamandan 480th Intelligence, Sa ido da Reconnaissance Wing ya bayyana. "Yawan kashe kansa da kashe kansa ya yi sama da matsakaicin Sojan Sama," Brown ya gaya wa Washington Post a farkon wannan watan, yana bayanin dalilin da yasa aka shigar da likitocin tabin hankali na cikakken lokaci da masu ba da shawara kan lafiyar kwakwalwa a cikin shirin jirgin. "Sun ma fi na wadanda aka tura." Yawan kashe kansa ya ragu sakamakon kungiyoyin kula da lafiyar kwakwalwa, in ji Brown. Aikin da kansa bai canza ba.
Haƙƙin fim ɗin "Drone Warrior" aka saya sama da shekara guda da ta wuce, tare da yawan sha'awa, ta Paramount Pictures. (Studiyon kuma ya zaɓi haƙƙin rayuwa ga labarin Velicovich.) A cikin ɓangaren godiya na memoir, Velicovich ya ambata cewa fim ɗin da ke zuwa za a ba da umarni da shirya shi. Michael Bay, mai shirya fina-finai a bayan "Masu Canji," "Pearl Harbor" da "Armageddon."
Wannan ci gaban abin tsinkaya ne. The Sojojin Amurka da Hollywood sun daɗe suna jin daɗin haɗin kai. Masu shirya fina-finai sukan sami damar zuwa wurare, ma'aikata, bayanai da kayan aiki waɗanda ke ba da rancen ayyukansu "sahihancinsu." A sakamakon haka, sojoji sukan sami wasu ma'auni akan yadda ake siffanta shi.
An san jami'an Pentagon da ma'aikatan CIA sun ba da shawara da raba takaddun sirri tare da masu yin fim a bayan "Zero Dark Thirty," fim din da aka zaba Oscar gurbata Shirin azabtarwa da nasiha da hukumar ta CIA ta yi ya yi tasiri wajen gano Osama bin Laden. CIA kuma ta kasance nasaba don samar da "Argo," hoton Oscar na Ben Affleck na yadda hukumar ta kubutar da Amurkawa da aka yi garkuwa da su a Iran.
Amma akwai wani abu da ba shi da kyau musamman game da sha'awar Hollywood don kawo nau'in yaƙin mara matuƙi na Velicovich zuwa babban allo. A cikin "Drone Warrior," sojojin Amurka na iya samun dandamali mai karfi don nuna shirinsa a matsayin mai tasiri kuma masu aiki da shi a matsayin jarumi - maimakon yawan aiki da damuwa. Dole ne mu yi mamakin ko sojojin Amurka sun tuntubi Velicovich don rubuta tarihinsa. Tabbas zai iya taimakawa tare da matsalar rashin ƙarfi.
Alex Edney-Browne (@alexEdneybrowne) 'yar takarar PhD ce a Jami'ar Melbourne, inda take bincike kan illolin tunani da zamantakewa na yakin basasa a kan fararen hula na Afganistan da kuma tsoffin sojojin shirin jirgin saman Amurka mara matuki. Lisa Ling (@ARetVet) ta yi aiki a cikin sojan Amurka a matsayin sajan fasaha a kan tsarin sa ido na jiragen sama kafin ta tafi tare da fitarwa mai daraja a 2012. Ta bayyana a cikin shirin 2016 game da yakin basasa, "National Bird."
