Mutuka ga Muhalli da Sauyin yanayi: Militaryungiyoyin Soja da Warabilar Amurka

Ta hanyar Reiner Braun, Oktoba 15, 2019

Me yasa tsarin makami yana barazana ga mutane da muhalli a lokaci guda?

Wani rahoto na 2012 daga Majalisar Wakilan Amurka ya gano cewa Sojan Amurka shine mafi yawan masu cinikin albarkatun man fetur a Amurka kuma don haka a duk duniya. Dangane da rahoton kwanan nan ta mai binciken Neta C. Crawford, Pentagon na buƙatar gangar mai na 350,000 na kowace rana. Don mafi kyawun yanayin mahaɗin wannan, aikawar iskar gas ta Pentagon a cikin 2017 sun kasance miliyan 69 fiye da Sweden ko Denmark. (Sweden tana da nauyin tan miliyan 50.8 da tan miliyan 33.8 tan). Manyan gas na gas na gas sun danganta ne da ayyukan jirgin saman Amurka. Wani mummunan abu na 25% na duk yawan mai da Amurka ke amfani da shi ta hanyar sojojin Amurka kawai. Sojan Amurka shine mafi girman kashe-kashen yanayi. (Neta C. Crawford 2019 - Pentagon Fuel Use, Canjin yanayi, da kuma Kuɗi na War)

Tun farkon abin da ake kira 'War on Terror' a cikin 2001 da Pentagon ya fitar da tan biliyan BNUMX na gas na gas, a cewar rahotanni daga Cibiyar Watson.

Fiye da shekaru 20, yarjejeniyar Kyoto da Paris ta duniya don iyakance fitowar CO2 sun keɓe sojoji daga yarjejeniyar da aka ba da izinin fitar da CO2 don haɗawa da rage ƙaddara, musamman ta Amurka, jihohin NATO da Rasha. A bayyane yake cewa sojojin duniya na iya fitar da CO2 kyauta, don haka ainihin fitar CO2 daga sojoji, samar da kayan yaƙi, cinikin kayan yaƙi, ayyuka da yaƙe-yaƙe na iya zama ɓoyayye har yau. "Dokar 'Yancin Amurka" ta Amurka ta ɓoye muhimman bayanan soja; Ma'ana cewa Jamus basu da wahalar samun bayanai duk da buƙatun daga ɓangaren Hagu. An gabatar da wasu a cikin labarin.

Abin da muke sani: Bundeswehr (rundunar sojan ta Jamus) tana samar da tan miliyan 1.7 na CO2 a shekara, wani tanki Leopard 2 yana cinye lita 90 na 340 a kan hanya kuma yayin motsa jiki a cikin filin game da lita 530 (motar mota ɗaya tana cin kusan lita 5). A Jirgin saman Typhoon jet yana cinye tsakanin 2,250 da 7,500 lita na kerosene a kowace sa'a, tare da kowane manufa na duniya akwai karuwa a farashin kuzarin da ya haɓaka fiye da Euro miliyan 100 a shekara da kwararar CO2 zuwa tan 15. Nazarin karar da Bürgerinitiativen gegen Fluglärm aus Rheinland-Pfalz und Saarland (Citizungiyoyin enungiyoyin Againstungiyoyin Againstungiyoyin Againstaukar Againstaukar jirgin sama daga Rhineland-Palatinate da Saarland) ya gano cewa a ranar guda ta Yuli 29^th, Jirgin saman soja na 2019 daga Sojojin Amurka da Bundeswehr sun tashi awanni na jirgin tashi na 15, suna cinye lita na 90,000 na mai da samar da kilogram na 248,400 na CO2 da 720kg na oxygen oxides.

Makaman Nuclear suna gurbata muhalli kuma suna barazana ga rayuwar ɗan adam.

Ga masana kimiyya da yawa, fashewar bam ta atomic ta farko a cikin 1945 ana ɗaukarta ana ɗaukarta azaman shigowar sabuwar shekara yanayin, Anthropocene. Harin bam na atomic na Hiroshima da Nagasaki shine kisan mutum na farko sakamakon tashin bam ɗin mutum, ya kashe mutane fiye da 100,000. Sakamakon da ya haifar na shekarun da suka gabata na wurare masu gurɓataccen rediyo yana nufin cewa daruruwan dubban mutane sun mutu a sakamakon cututtukan da suka danganci su. Za'a iya rage sakin rediyo tunda a wannan lokacin ta rabi-rabi rayuwar abubuwan rediyo, a wasu halaye wannan yakan faru ne bayan shekaru da yawa. Sakamakon gwaje-gwajen makaman nukiliya da yawa a tsakiyar karni na 20th, alal misali, saman teku a cikin Pacific yana mamaye ba kawai ta sassan filastik ba, har ma da kayan rediyo.

Amfani da wani ɗan ƙaramin juzu'i na makaman nukiliya na yau, waɗanda aka tsara bisa hukuma don yin aiki a matsayin "masu hana ruwa gudu", zai haifar da bala'in yanayi nan take ("hunturuƙar atom") kuma zai haifar da faɗuwar dukkan bil'adama, masana kimiyya sun ce. Duniya ba za ta sake zama wurin zama ga mutane da dabbobi ba.

Bisa ga Rahoton Brundtland na 1987, makaman nukiliya da canjin yanayi sune nau'ikan kashe-kashe a duniyarmu, tare da canjin yanayi shine 'jinkirin makamin nukiliya'.

Ammonium na rediyo yana da tasirin gaske.

Uranium munitions aka yi amfani da su a yaƙewar Hadin gwiwar da Amurka ta jagoranta da Iraki a 1991 da 2003 kuma a cikin yakin NATO da Yugoslavia a cikin 1998 / 99. Wannan ya haɗa da ɓarnar makaman nukiliya tare da aikin rediyo, wanda aka sanya shi cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin lokacin da yake kaiwa maƙasudin ƙarancin zafi zafi sannan kuma yadu cikin yanayi. A cikin mutane, waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin suna shiga cikin jini kuma suna haifar da mummunar lalacewar ƙwayar jini da cutar kansa. Wannan bayani da halayen sa sun dushe, duk da cewa an tsara shi sosai. Duk da haka har yanzu yana daga cikin manyan yaƙe-yaƙe da laifuffukan muhalli na zamaninmu.

Makamai masu guba - haramtattu a yau, amma tasirin dogon lokaci a cikin yanayin yana ci gaba.

The Abubuwan da ke tattare da makamai masu guba suna da kyau a rubuce, kamar amfani da gas mustard a yakin duniya na 1 ya kashe mutanen 100,000 da guba manyan wurare na ƙasa. Yakin Vietnam a cikin 1960s shi ne yaƙin farko da aka fara kaiwa hari ga yanayin da muhalli. Sojojin Amurka sun yi amfani da wakilin Sojan Orange wajen lalata gandun daji da amfanin gona. Wannan hanya ce ta hana amfani da dajin a matsayin mafaka da kuma kayayyakin abokan adawar. Ga miliyoyin mutane a Vietnam, wannan ya haifar da cututtuka da mutuwa - har zuwa yau, an haife yara a Vietnam tare da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Yankunan da suka fi girma fiye da Hessen da Rhenland-Pfalz a nan Jamus sun lalace har zuwa yau, ƙasar ta gaza da lalata.

Ayyukan jiragen sama na soji.

Abubuwan gurɓatar iska a cikin iska, ƙasa da ruwan karkashin ƙasa waɗanda jiragen saman soja suka kirkira sune wanda ke aiki da man jirgin saman NATO. Su ne sosai carcinogenic saboda ƙari ta musamman zuwa carcinogenic iska gurbatawa.

A nan ma, sojoji suna ɗaukar nauyin kiwon lafiya da gangan. Yawancin filayen jirgin saman soja suna gurbata ta hanyar amfani da sinadaran PFC da ake amfani dasu don aikin kashe gobara tare da kumfa. PFC kusan ba tarihi bane daga qarshe ya mamaye ruwan karkashin kasa tare da wani tasiri na dogon lokaci akan lafiyar dan adam. Zuwa sake gyara wuraren da ke cikin gurbatacciyar iska, aƙalla dala biliyan da yawa ana kiyasta a duk duniya.

Kudin soji yana hana kariya ga muhalli da canjin kuzari.

Baya ga nauyin kai tsaye kan muhalli da sauyin yanayi da sojoji ke yi, yawan kashe kuɗaɗen makamai yana hana kuɗi da yawa don saka hannun jari a cikin kare muhalli, maido da muhalli da kuma canjin kuzari. Ba tare da yin ɗamarar yaƙi ba, ba za a sami wani yanayi na ƙasa don haɗin kai wanda shine kankance buƙatun ƙoƙarin duniya na kariya / kiyaye canjin yanayi. An kafa kuɗin kashe sojojin soja bisa hukuma bisa ga kusan biliyan 50 ta 2019. Tare da haɓaka mai tsayi a cikin Yuro, ana tsammanin su haɓaka wannan lambar zuwa kimanin biliyan BNUMX biliyan a layi tare da burin 85%. Ya bambanta, Euro biliyan biliyan 2 kawai aka saka hannun jari a cikin kuzari mai iya sakewa a cikin 16. Kasafin kudin Haushalt des Umweltministeriums (Ma'aikatar Muhalli) ya cancanci Yuro biliyan 2.6 a duk duniya, wannan ma an raba wannan ragin har ma fiye da dalar Amurka biliyan 1.700 don kashe kuɗin soja, tare da Amurka a matsayin jagorar da ba ta dace ba. Don adana yanayin duniya kuma don haka bil'adama, dole ne ya zama sananne, don fifita maƙasudin dorewar duniya don adalci na duniya.

Yaƙe da tashin hankali don tsaron albarkatu na mallaka?

Amfani da albarkatun ƙasa da jigilar kaya a duniya yana buƙatar siyasa ikon sarrafa wuta don kiyaye damar samar da albarkatun ƙasa. Amurkan, NATO, da EU ma suna amfani da ayyukan soji don kafa tushen su da hanyoyin samar da su ta jiragen ruwa da bututun mai. Idan an maye gurbin mai da burbushin makamashi, wanda za a iya samar da shi da ma'ana sosai, zai kawar da bukatar samar da sojoji da kuma ayyukan yaki.

Rashin albarkatu na duniya zai yiwu ne kawai tare da siyasar ikon soja. Samfura da sayar da kayayyaki don kasuwannin duniya suna haifar da lalacewar albarkatu, hakan kuma saboda hauhawar hauhawar farashin hanyoyin zirga-zirga, wanda ke haifar da hauhawar farashin mai. Don buɗe ƙasashe a matsayin kasuwanni don samfuran duniya, su ma an sa su a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba na soja.

Tallafin da ke cutar da muhalli ya kai Euro biliyan 57 (Umweltbundesamt) kuma 90% daga cikinsu suna gurbata muhalli.

Tserewa - sakamakon yaki da lalata muhalli.

A duk duniya, mutane suna tserewa daga yaƙi, tashin hankali da kuma bala'in yanayi. Andarin mutane da yawa suna kan gudana a duk duniya, yanzu sama da miliyan 70. Abubuwan da ke haddasawa sune: yaƙe-yaƙe, zalunci, lalata muhalli da kuma sakamakon canjin yanayi, wanda ya fi ban mamaki a sassa da dama na duniya fiye da na Tsakiyar Turai. Wadancan mutanen da suke yin hanyar tserewa zuwa hadari zuwa Turai ana tsare da su a matsayin soja a kan iyakokin waje kuma sun mai da Bahar Rum cikin makabarta.

Kammalawa

Rigakafin bala'o'in muhalli, hana ci gaba da fuskantar bala'o'in yanayi, ƙarshen al'ummomin da ake kira ci gaban al'umma da kuma kiyaye zaman lafiya da kwance ɗamarar yaƙi ɓangarori biyu ne na tsabar kuɗi ɗaya, wanda ake kira adalci na duniya. Ba za a iya cimma wannan burin ba ta hanyar canji mai girma (ko ma juyawa) ko kuma, a ce ta wata hanyar, canjin canjin da aka samu - mallakar tsarin maimakon canjin yanayi! Abin da ba za a taɓa tsammani ba ya kasance, sake, abin tunowa yayin fuskantar ƙalubale.