By Pat Tsohon, World BEYOND War, Disamba 12, 2019
Mark Ruffalo a matsayin Rob Billot a cikin Ruwa mai duhu.
Ruwan Duhu shine fim mafi mahimmanci na Amurka a cikin shekaru goma, kodayake yana ba da damar da za a iya nuna cikakkiyar bayyanar cutar ta PFAS * a matsayin annobar lafiyar ɗan adam a duk faɗin ƙasar. Fim yana barin rabin labarin kuma wannan ya shafi aikin soja.
* per- da poly fluorinated abubuwa na alkyl (PFAS) sun haɗa da PFOA, PFOS da 5,000 sauran sunadarai masu haɗari waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin nau'ikan aikace-aikacen soja da masana'antu.
Yawancin masu kallo za su rabu da tunanin cewa sun kalli fim ɗin da ke tattara labarin gaskiya game da wata matsala ta raba ta DuPont ta gurɓata ƙasa da ruwa na wani gari mara kyau, Parkersburg, West Virginia. Ko da kuwa, Ruwan Duhu fim ne ingantacce. Idan baku gani ba, don Allah ku yi haka.
A cikin fim ɗin, lauya Robert Bilott (Mark Ruffalo) yana aiki a wani kamfanin lauya na Cincinnati wanda ya ƙware wajen kare kamfanonin sunadarai. Wani manomi mai suna Wilbur Tennant ya kusanto Bilott wanda ke zargin kamfanin sarrafa masana'antar DuPont da ke kusa da shi yana shan guba ga shanun da shanunsa ke sha. Bilott da sauri ya gano cewa ana cutar da mutane kuma ya sadaukar da kansa don kare lafiyar mutane ta hanyar ƙaddamar da ƙwayar goliath. Ayyukan Dupontâs laifi ne
A cikin 2017, Bilott ya sami nasarar samar da dala miliyan 670 don mambobin ƙungiyar 3,500 waɗanda ruwa ya gurbata da PFOA.
Masu sukar fina-finai suna da mafi yawan gaske tabbatacce, kodayake a takaice an yi bita. Sun bayyana wasan kwaikwayo na tsari, wani nau'in shari'ar Perry Mason wanda ya fito da kyau. Kamfanin Detroit News ya kira fim din labarin David da Goliath. (Dauda ya kashe Goliath a cikin wannan labarin almara. A nan Goliyat yana riƙe da ƙuƙwalwar fil.) The Atlantic kira Ruwan Duhusa tsada, fim din doka. Toronto Star ya ce Ya isa ya sanya ka son cinye duk kayan da ba sandarka ba da kuma kayan hana ruwa bayan sun ga wannan fim din. Kujerun Aisle sun sanya shi kamar haka, tana rubuta cewa fim ɗin na iya sa mutane su watsar da kwanon ruɓaɓɓen itace kuma “shanyewa a firgice akan gilashin na gaba.” Wannan ba abu ne mai wahala ba don kunna fushin miliyoyin mutane a duniya waɗanda waɗannan sunadarai suka sa su guba.
Mutane suna da sharadin suyi tunanin cewa hukumominsu na gida, jihohi, da hukumomin tarayya suna kiyaye abubuwan gurɓata kamar wannan daga ruwan su, kuma al'amuran kamar Parkersburg sun keɓe - kuma idan sun faru, ana sanar da mazauna kuma ana kiyaye su. Karanta rahoton ruwa daga mai sayarwa na gida don gano babu abin damuwa.
Gaskiyar magana ita ce ruwan mu na shaye da kayan masarufi da wasu sinadarai masu haɗari yayin da ba a sabunta iyakokin doka na gurɓata ruwan famfo a cikin shekaru kusan 20. Menene a cikin ruwanku? Duba Workingungiyar Aikin Muhalli Matatar Rana ruwa don ganowa.
Mutane sun gamsu, "Ba zai iya faruwa a nan ba," don haka ya kamata 'yan fim su yi aiki mafi kyau da za su lalata wannan ra'ayi. A lokacin wani lokaci mai ban mamaki a cikin fim din, Bilott yana da karfin gwiwa, “Suna son muyi tunanin cewa muna da kariya,” yana tsawa. “Amma muna kiyaye mu. Muna yi! " Saƙo ne mai son kawo sauyi, amma abin takaici ya ta'allaka ne da labarin guguwar mutane a cikin wani ƙaramin gari na West Virginia.
A lokaci guda fim ɗin yana yin ƙasa a duk faɗin ƙasar, Majalisa ta nisanta kanta da dokar hakan zai iya tsara PFOA da PFOS - nau'ikan gurɓataccen PFAS guda biyu waɗanda suka kawo wahala marar iyaka ga Parkersburg.
Fim din bai taba ambaton sojoji da rawar da yake takawa ba wajen sanya maye a cikin Parkersburg da kuma dubunnan al'ummomin kusa da sansanonin soja a duk duniya. DuPont ya kasance babban mai samar da DODâ's mai cike da tauraruwar fina-finai (AFFF) wanda aka yi amfani da shi a darasin aikin kashe gobara na yau da kullun akan sansanonin soja. Dupont ya sanar da cewa zai kawar da amfani da PFOS da PFOA a ƙarshen 2019 yayin da yake daina masana'anta ko sayar da ƙurar wuta ta wuta zuwa DOD. A maimakon haka, spinout Chemours, Da 3M mai guba suna cika umarnin Pentagon don maganin cututtukan daji wanda ke iya neman hanyar shiga jikin ku.
Sojojin suna yin kashe-goran wuta mai yawa-bisa ga man fetur don dalilai na horo kuma suna yi masu fitila da tsare-tsaren PFAS. Ana baiwa wakilan dake haifar da cutar kansa su gurbatar da ruwan karkashin kasa, da magudanan ruwa, da kuma magudanan ruwa wanda aka watsa a gonakin gonakin don lalata amfanin gona. DOD a kai a kai yana ɗaukar kayan, duk da damuwar cewa waɗancan sunadarai - na iya zama ba a fatarsu ba.
3M, DuPont, da Chemours dukkansu suna fuskantar matsalar gogewar iska mai lalacewa wacce ta samo asali ne daga ci gaba da amfani da wadannan makamai masu guba, kodayake rashin nasarar majalissar na kwanan nan zai taimaka a tsaron su. Chemours da 3M hannun jari tashi bayan labarin cewa Majalisa ta yanke shawarar ba za ta tsara wakilan da ke haifar da cutar kansa ba.
Soja ne ke da alhakin mafi yawan gurbatacciyar iska da PFAS ya haddasa a fadin kasar. Misali, Kwamitin Ruwa na Ruwa na California ya gwada kwanan nan rijiyoyin birni na 568 a fadin jihar. Gwajin da aka yi gaba daya baya nesa da shigowar sojoji. An gano 308 na rijiyoyin (54.2%) dauke da wasu nau'ikan sunadarai na PFAS. Sassan 19,228 da tiriliyan (ppt) na nau'ikan 14 na PFAS da aka gwada an samo su a cikin rijiyoyin 308. 51% sun kasance PFOS ko PFOA yayin da sauran 49% sun kasance wasu PFAS waɗanda aka san suna da tasirin gaske akan lafiyar ɗan adam.
DOD ba ta kasance mai mayar da hankali kan wannan binciken ba, kodayake tushe guda ɗaya, tashar jirgin ruwan Naval Air makami China Lake ya gurbata rijiya a 8,000,000 ppt. don PFOS / PFOA, bisa ga DOD. Tafkin China yana da sau 416 na carcinogens a cikin ruwan da ke cikin ƙasa fiye da sauran wuraren kasuwancin da aka gwada a kewayen jihar. Sansanonin soji na 30 sun gurɓata ruwa sosai a cikin California, kuma wani 23 an gano ta DOD kamar suna amfani da carcinogens. Bincika nan: https://www.militarypoisons.org/
Gundumomin ruwa a cikin jihohi da yawa sun fara ɗaukar matakai don tantance abubuwan da ke gurɓata su, kodayake Majalisa da EPA ba su tsayar da Matakan Girman Gurɓata (MCL's) don guba kuma ba a tsammanin yin hakan ba da daɗewa ba. Shaida ce game da ƙarfin harabar kimiyyar sinadarai a Majalisa da kuma ikon DOD don zartar da alhaki, wanda zai iya rufe dala biliyan 100.
A halin yanzu, ba za a buƙaci DOD ya tsaftace gurɓataccen PFAS na Miliyan 10.9 ppt ba da gangan aka bari a cikin ƙasa a Airasan Sojan Sama na Ingila a Alexandria, Louisiana lokacin da ya tashi daga wurin a cikin 1992. Masana ilimin kimiyya na Harvard sun ce 1 ppt a cikin ruwan shan yana da haɗari. A samu da wahala mutane su ne a manyan ma'auni a Amurka. da mutane suna mutuwa.
Ruwan Duhu ya ɓatar da damar da za ta jawo hankali ga gorilla soja na 800-pound a cikin ɗakin kuma hakan ya ɓata damar cikakken bayanin EPA a matsayin wata hukuma da ke wanzu don kare masana'antar Amurka da Ma'aikatar Tsaro daga abin alhaki da ɓarna da jama'a.
An nuna fim ɗin don taimakawa wajen ƙaddamar da jihadi na PFAS. Yar shiga, wani kamfanin yada labarai da aka sadaukar domin karfafa guiwar zamantakewar, ya ƙaddamar da "Yi yaƙi da Kemikal na har abada”Kamfen don dacewa da fim din.
"A yanzu haka, dokokinmu da cibiyoyin gwamnati sun kasa kare mu," in ji Ruffalo a cikin wata sanarwa. “Ina so in yi Ruwan Duhu don ba da muhimmiyar labari game da tabbatar da adalci ga al'umar da ke fuskantar haɗarin shekaru masu yawa ga magunguna masu haɗari ta ɗayan manyan kamfanoni masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Ta hanyar gaya wa wadannan labaran za mu iya wayar da kan jama'a game da sinadarai har abada kuma mu yi aiki tare don neman kariyar kiyaye muhalli. "
Rufflo ya kasance tare da Billot, manyan masu fafutuka, da kuma jama'a yayin wani taron majalisar wayar tarho jim kadan bayan fitowar fim din. Antaya daga cikin mahalarta ɗaya sun ambaci amfani da kayan a cikin soja. Idan ba haka ba, kokarin shirya abin ya mayar da hankali ne kan amfani da kayan soja ba ta amfani da kayan ba, har sai wani sako na kwanan nan da aka aika wa dubun dubatar sassan kasar nan wanda ya ambaci Dokar ba da izinin tsaron kasa:
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Muna buƙatar Majalisa don yin yaƙi don lafiyarmu da kuma ɗaukar waɗannan hukumomin. Lokaci ya yi da DuPont da 3M don tsabtace gurbatacciyar PFAS! Dole ne majalisa ta zartar da Dokar Izini na Tsaron Kasa wanda ke fitar da PFAS daga ruwan famfo kuma ya tsarkake gurɓataccen gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu na PFA.
Na gode da kasancewa tare da mu.
Mark Ruffalo
Mai gwagwarmaya da actress
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Masu karatu na iya tunanin abu ne da ya dace a yi amfani da Dokar ta ba da izini ta tsaron kasa saboda tattaunawar ba kawo yanzu ba kan Pentagon. Theoƙarin yana da kyau, amma rana ta makara da ɗan gajere. Kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, 'Yan jam'iyyar Democrat sun riga sun rabu da teburin a madadin masu cin gajiyar masana'antar sunadarai.
Ruwan Duhu yana bayar da rabin labarin. Sauran kashi daya sun kunshi amfani da wadannan sinadarai ba sojoji ba.
