Daga Medea Benjamin da Nicolas JS Davies, World BEYOND War, Nuwamba 8, 2021
COP Ashirin da Shida! Sau nawa ne Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tara shugabannin duniya don kokarin shawo kan matsalar yanayi. Amma Amurka tana samarwa karin mai da kuma iskar gas fiye da kowane lokaci; adadin iskar gas (GHG) a cikin yanayi da yanayin yanayin duniya duka biyu ne har yanzu yana tashi; kuma mun riga mun fuskanci matsanancin yanayi da hargitsin yanayi wanda masana kimiyya suka gargade mu akai shekara arba'in, kuma wanda zai kara muni da muni ba tare da mummunan yanayin yanayi ba.
Kuma duk da haka, duniyar ta zuwa yanzu kawai ta yi zafi 1.2°C (2.2°F) tun kafin masana'antu. Mun riga mun sami fasahar da muke buƙata don canza tsarin makamashinmu zuwa tsabta, makamashi mai sabuntawa, kuma yin hakan zai samar da miliyoyin ayyuka masu kyau ga mutane a duk faɗin duniya. Don haka, a zahiri, matakan da ya kamata mu ɗauka a sarari suke, masu yiwuwa kuma suna gaggawa.
Babban cikas ga aikin da muke fuskanta shine rashin aikin mu, neoliberal tsarin siyasa da na tattalin arziki da kuma sarrafa shi ta hanyar ɗimbin ra'ayi da kamfanoni, waɗanda suka kuduri aniyar ci gaba da cin gajiyar makamashin burbushin halittu ko da ta hanyar lalata yanayin yanayi na musamman na duniya. Rikicin yanayi ya fallasa gazawar tsarin wannan tsarin don aiwatar da muradun bil'adama na gaske, ko da kuwa makomarmu ta rataya a kan ma'auni.
To menene amsar? Shin COP26 a Glasgow zai iya bambanta? Menene zai iya haifar da bambanci tsakanin ƙarin slick siyasa PR da yanke hukunci mataki? Ƙidaya akan ɗaya 'yan siyasa da burbushin man fetur (eh, suna can, suma) don yin wani abu daban a wannan lokacin yana kama da kashe kansa, amma menene madadin?
Tun lokacin da Obama ya jagoranci Pied Piper a Copenhagen da Paris ya samar da tsarin da kowannensu kasashe ke tsara manufofinsu tare da yanke shawarar yadda za su cimma su, mafi yawan kasashen ba su samu ci gaba ba kan manufofin da suka sanya a birnin Paris a shekarar 2015.
Yanzu sun zo Glasgow tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun alkawuran da ba su dace ba waɗanda, ko da cikawa, za su kai ga mafi zafi a duniya nan da 2100. A. succession Rahoton na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kungiyoyin fararen hula a cikin jagorar zuwa COP26 sun yi ta kararrawar abin da Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Antonio Guterres ya kira "kiran farkawa da tsawa" da "code ja ga bil'adama.” A cikin jawabin bude taron Guterres a COP26 a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, ya ce "muna tona kaburburanmu" ta hanyar kasa magance wannan rikici.
Duk da haka gwamnatoci har yanzu suna mai da hankali kan manufofin dogon lokaci kamar isa "Net Zero" nan da 2050, 2060 ko ma 2070, ya zuwa yanzu a nan gaba za su iya ci gaba da jinkirta matakan tsattsauran ra'ayi da ake buƙata don iyakance dumamar yanayi zuwa 1.5 ° Celsius. Ko da ko ta yaya suka daina fitar da iskar gas a cikin iska, adadin GHGs a cikin sararin samaniya nan da shekara ta 2050 zai ci gaba da dumama duniya har tsararraki. Yayin da muke ɗorawa sararin samaniya tare da GHGs, tsawon lokacin tasirin su zai ɗora kuma mafi zafi duniya za ta ci gaba da girma.
Amurka ta kafa wani gajeren lokaci manufar rage hayakin da take fitarwa da kashi 50 cikin 2005 daga kololuwar matakin 2030 nan da shekarar 17. Amma manufofinta na yanzu za su haifar da raguwar kashi 25% zuwa XNUMX% nan da nan.
Tsabtace Tsabtace Tsabtace Tsabtace Ƙarfafa Ayyukan Ayyuka (CEPP), wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na Dokar Gina Baya mafi Kyau, na iya ƙunsar rata mai yawa ta hanyar biyan kayan aikin lantarki don ƙara dogaro ga abubuwan sabuntawa da kashi 4% a duk shekara da kuma azabtar da abubuwan amfani waɗanda ba su yi ba. Amma a jajibirin COP 26, Biden ya koma CEPP daga kudirin dokar karkashin matsin lamba daga Sanatoci Manchin da Sinema da kuma ’yan bokonsu na burbushin mai.
A halin da ake ciki, sojojin Amurka, mafi girma da ke fitar da GHGs a Duniya, an kebe su daga kowane irin takurawa ko wacece karkashin yarjejeniyar Paris. Masu fafutukar zaman lafiya a Glasgow suna neman dole ne COP26 ta gyara wannan babbar matsala baƙar fata a cikin manufofin sauyin yanayi na duniya ta hanyar haɗa da hayaƙin GHG na injin yaƙin Amurka, da na sauran sojoji, cikin rahotanni da raguwar hayaƙi na ƙasa.
Haka kuma, duk wani kobo da gwamnatocin duniya suka kashe don magance matsalar yanayi, ya kai kaso kadan daga cikin abin da Amurka ita kadai ta kashe a kan injin yakinta na lalata al'ummarta a daidai wannan lokacin.
Yanzu a hukumance China tana fitar da CO2 fiye da Amurka. Sai dai wani babban bangare na fitar da hayakin da kasar Sin ke fitarwa, ya samo asali ne daga yadda sauran kasashen duniya ke amfani da kayayyakin kasar Sin, kuma babban abokin cinikinta shi ne. Amurka. An Nazarin MIT a shekarar 2014 an kiyasta cewa fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje ya kai kashi 22% na hayakin Carbon da kasar Sin ke fitarwa. Dangane da amfanin kowane mutum, Amurkawa har yanzu suna lissafinsu sau uku hayakin GHG na makwabtanmu na kasar Sin da kuma ninki biyu na fitar da turawa.
Kasashe masu arziki ma fadi a takaice A kan alkawarin da suka yi a Copenhagen a shekara ta 2009 na taimakawa kasashe masu fama da matsalar sauyin yanayi ta hanyar ba da taimakon kudi wanda zai karu zuwa dala biliyan 100 a kowace shekara nan da shekarar 2020. Sun samar da adadin da ya karu, wanda ya kai dala biliyan 79 a shekarar 2019, amma rashin isar da cikakkiya. adadin da aka yi alkawari ya zubar da amana tsakanin kasashe masu arziki da talakawa. Kwamitin da Canada da Jamus ke jagoranta a COP26 ne ke da alhakin warware matsalar da kuma maido da amana.
Lokacin da shugabannin siyasar duniya suke kasawa sosai har suna lalata duniyar halitta da yanayin rayuwa mai dorewa da wayewar ɗan adam, yana da gaggawa ga mutane a ko'ina su sami kuzari, murya da ƙirƙira.
Amsar da ta dace da jama'a ga gwamnatocin da suke shirye su ɓata rayuwar miliyoyin mutane, ko ta hanyar yaƙi ko kuma ta hanyar kisan kai, shine tawaye da juyin juya hali - kuma nau'ikan juyin juya hali marasa tashin hankali sun tabbatar da inganci da fa'ida fiye da na tashin hankali.
Mutane suna tashi adawa da wannan gurbatacciyar tsarin siyasa da tattalin arziki na kasashe a duniya, saboda mummunan tasirinsa yana shafar rayuwarsu ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Amma rikicin yanayi hatsari ne na duniya ga dukkan bil'adama wanda ke buƙatar martani na duniya, na duniya.
Wata ƙungiyar ƙungiyoyin farar hula masu jan hankali akan tituna a Glasgow yayin COP 26 ita ce Ƙunƙarar Kisa, wanda ya yi shelar, "Muna zargin shugabannin duniya da gazawa, kuma tare da hangen nesa na bege, muna buƙatar abin da ba zai yiwu ba ... Za mu raira waƙa da rawa da kuma kulle makamai a kan yanke ƙauna kuma mu tunatar da duniya cewa akwai darajar tawaye ga."
Ƙarƙashin Ƙarfafawa da sauran ƙungiyoyin yanayi a COP26 suna kira ga Net Zero ta 2025, ba 2050 ba, a matsayin hanya daya tilo don cimma burin 1.5 ° da aka amince da shi a Paris.
Greenpeace yana kira da a gaggauta dakatar da sabbin ayyukan man fetur a duniya da kuma gaggauta kawar da kamfanonin wutar da ke kona kwal. Hatta sabuwar gwamnatin hadin gwiwa a Jamus, wadda ta hada da jam'iyyar Green Party, kuma tana da buri fiye da sauran manyan kasashe masu arziki, sai dai kawai ta cika wa'adin karshe na kawar da kwal na Jamus daga shekarar 2038 zuwa 2030.
Cibiyar Muhalli ta Indigenous ita ce kawo ’yan asali daga Global South zuwa Glasgow don ba da labarunsu a wurin taron. Suna kira ga kasashen Arewa masu ci gaban masana'antu da su ayyana dokar ta-baci ta yanayi, da su ajiye albarkatun mai a kasa da kuma kawo karshen tallafin da ake samu a duniya.
Abokan Duniya (FOE) sun buga wani sabon rahoto mai taken Magani-Tsarin Hali: Wolf a Tufafin Tumaki a matsayin mayar da hankali ga aikinsa a COP26. Yana fallasa wani sabon salo na wankin kore na kamfanoni wanda ya shafi shukar bishiyoyi masu girman masana'antu a cikin kasashe matalauta, wanda kamfanoni ke shirin yin ikirarin a matsayin "sakamakon" don ci gaba da samar da mai.
Gwamnatin Burtaniya da ke karbar bakuncin taron a Glasgow ta amince da wadannan tsare-tsare a matsayin wani bangare na shirin a COP26. FOE tana ba da haske game da tasirin waɗannan manyan faɗuwar ƙasa a kan al'ummomin gida da na 'yan asalin kuma ta kira su " yaudara mai haɗari da damuwa daga ainihin mafita ga rikicin yanayi." Idan wannan shine abin da gwamnatoci ke nufi da "Net Zero," zai zama wani mataki daya ne kawai na samar da kudade na Duniya da duk albarkatunta, ba mafita na gaske ba.
Saboda yana da wahala ga masu fafutuka daga ko'ina cikin duniya su isa Glasgow don COP26 yayin bala'in, ƙungiyoyin fafutuka suna yin shiri lokaci guda a duniya don matsa lamba kan gwamnatoci a ƙasashensu. Daruruwan masu fafutukar yanayi da ƴan asalin ƙasar suna da aka kama a zanga-zangar da aka yi a Fadar White House da ke Washington, da wasu matasa biyar masu fafutuka na Sunrise Movement sun fara a yunwa ta yunwa akwai ranar 19 ga Oktoba.
Kungiyoyin sauyin yanayi na Amurka kuma suna goyan bayan lissafin "Green New Deal", H.Res. 332, cewa Wakilin Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez ya gabatar a Majalisa, wanda ke kira na musamman don manufofin kiyaye dumamar yanayi a kasa da 1.5 ° Celsius, kuma a halin yanzu yana da masu tallafawa 103. Kudirin ya tsara maƙasudin buƙatun don 2030, amma kawai ya yi kira ga Net Zero zuwa 2050.
Ƙungiyoyin muhalli da yanayin da ke haɗuwa a Glasgow sun yarda cewa muna buƙatar ainihin shirin duniya na juyar da makamashi a yanzu, a matsayin al'amari mai amfani, ba a matsayin manufar buri na tsarin siyasa mara inganci, mara bege ba.
A COP25 a Madrid a cikin 2019, Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙaƙwalwar Doki ya watsar da takin dawakai a wajen zauren taro tare da saƙon, "Doki-doki ya tsaya a nan." Tabbas hakan bai hana hakan ba, amma ya sanya cewa dole ne a yi gaggawar kawar da maganar banza ta hanyar aiki na gaske. Greta Thunberg ta bugi ƙusa a kai, inda ta caccaki shugabannin duniya don rufe gazawarsu da "blah, blah, blah," maimakon daukar mataki na gaske.
Kamar Yajin Makaranta na Greta don Yanayin, yanayin yanayin a titunan Glasgow an sanar da shi ta hanyar sanin cewa ilimin kimiyya a bayyane yake kuma ana samun mafita ga rikicin yanayi a shirye. Manufar siyasa ce kawai ta rasa. Wannan dole ne a samar da shi ta hanyar jama'a, daga kowane bangare na rayuwa, ta hanyar kirkire-kirkire, ayyuka masu ban mamaki da tattara jama'a, don neman sauyin siyasa da tattalin arziki da muke bukata.
Babban Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Guterres mai sassaucin ra'ayi ya bayyana karara cewa "zafin titi" zai zama mabuɗin ceton bil'adama. "Rundunar yaki da sauyin yanayi - karkashin jagorancin matasa - ba za a iya tsayawa ba," kamar yadda ya shaida wa shugabannin duniya a Glasgow. “Sun fi girma. Sun fi surutu. Kuma, ina tabbatar muku, ba za su tafi ba.
Medea Biliyaminu shi ne mai haɓaka CODEPINK don Aminci, kuma marubucin littattafai da yawa, gami da A cikin Iran: Gaskiya da Tarihin Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran.
Nicolas JS Davies ɗan jarida ne mai zaman kansa, mai bincike tare da CODEPINK kuma marubucin Blood On Our Hands: Ƙasar Amirka da Rushewar Iraq.
