By Francine Mukwaya, Wakilin Burtaniya, Abokan Kongo
A ranar Litinin, 19 ga watan Janairu, 'yan kasar Congo sun tashi hamayya da sabuwar dabara ta gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Congo (DRC) don tsawaita zaman Shugaba Joseph Kabila a kan mulki. A tsarin mulkin Congo, shugaban kasa zai iya yin wa'adi biyu ne kawai na shekaru biyar kuma wa'adin shekaru biyar na Joseph Kabila ya kare Disamba 19, 2016.
A duk cikin 2014, magoya bayan Kabila sun ɓata ra'ayin gyaran kundin tsarin mulki don ya iya sake neman wa’adi na uku amma mummunan koma baya daga ciki (Cocin Katolika, ƙungiyoyin jama'a, da hamayyar siyasa) da waje (Amurka, UN, EU, Belgium da Faransa) DRC ta tilastawa magoya bayan Kabila yin watsi da ra'ayin tare da binciko wasu hanyoyin don ci gaba da rike ragamar mulkin su. Baya ga matsi na ciki da na waje, faduwar shugaban kasar Blaise Compaore na Burkina Faso a watan Oktoban 2014 ta aike da wani sako mai karfi cewa sauya tsarin mulki kasada ce mai matukar hadari. Blaise Compaore ya fice daga mulki ne ta hanyar tashin hankali a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 2014 lokacin da ya yi kokarin sauya kundin tsarin mulkin kasar don ci gaba da mulki.
Sabon makirci da mambobin kungiyar siyasa ta Kabila (PPRD) da kawancen masu rinjaye na Shugaban kasa suka kirkira shi ne: turawa majalisar dokokin Congo wani dokar zabe da a karshe za ta ba Kabila damar ci gaba da mulki fiye da 2016. Mataki na 8 na dokar ya sanya kammala wani kidayar kasa wata sharadi ce don gudanar da zaben Shugaban kasa. Manazarta na ganin zai dauki kimanin shekaru hudu kafin a kammala kidayar. Wadannan shekaru hudu zasu wuce Disamba 19, 2016; ranar da wa'adin Kabila na biyu ya zo ga tsarin mulki. 'Yan adawa, matasa da kungiyoyin farar hula na Congo gaba daya sun mayar da hankali sosai kan wannan fasalin dokar. Duk da haka, Majalisar Assemblyasa ta Kwango ta zartar da dokar a ranar Asabar, Janairu 17th kuma ta aika shi ga Majalisar Dattawa don zartar da shi.
Figuresan adawa na Kongo da matasa sun gangara kan tituna daga Litinin, Janairu 19th zuwa Alhamis, Janairu 22nd da nufin mamaye majalisar dattijai a babban birnin Kinshasa. Sun gamu da mummunar tirjiya daga jami'an tsaron Kabila. Matasa da zanga-zangar da ‘yan adawa suka jagoranta sun faru a Goma, Bukavu da Mbandaka. Matsa gwamnatin ta kasance mara hankali. Sun kame 'yan adawa, sun sa mutane hayaki a kan tituna, kuma sun yi ta harbi da harsasai kai tsaye cikin taron jama'a. Bayan kwanaki hudu na ci gaba da zanga-zanga, Kungiyar Hadin Kan Dan Adam ta Duniya, ta ce jimillar mutane 42 aka kashe. Rightsungiyar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta ba da rahoton irin waɗannan lambobin da ke iƙirarin 36 ya mutu da 21 ta hannun jami'an tsaro.
A ranar Juma’a, 23 ga watan Janairu, Majalisar Dattawan Congo ta kada kuri’ar cire batun a dokar zaben da za ta ba Shugaba Kabila damar amfani da kidayar a matsayin dalilin kofar baya don ci gaba da mulki fiye da 2016. Shugaban Majalisar Dattawan, Leon Kengo Wa Dondo ya ce cewa saboda mutane sun shiga tituna, don haka majalisar dattijai ta zabi cire labarin mai guba a cikin dokar zabe. Ya lura “mun saurari tituna, shi ya sa zaben na yau ya kasance na tarihi.”Gyaran da majalisar dattijai tayi wa dokar sannan ya bukaci a mika dokar zuwa wani hadadden zauren taro domin a daidaita tsarin majalisar dattijai da majalisar dokoki. Matsin lamba yana karuwa akan gwamnatin Kabila kamar Cocin Katolika na nuna damuwa game da mummunan ayyukan da aka yi a wani bangare na gwamnatin Kabila yayin da Jami'an diflomasiyya na kasashen yamma sun shiga cikin manyan kaya a yunƙurin kwantar da hankali.
A ranar Asabar, 24 ga Janairu, Shugaban Majalisar Tarayya ya fada wa manema labarai cewa za a amince da gyaran Majalisar Dattawan. A ranar Lahadi, 25 ga Janairu Janairu Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa ta kada kuri'a kan dokar kuma ta amince da sauye-sauyen da Majalisar Dattawa ta yi. Jama'a sun yi iƙirarin cin nasara kuma an nuna jin daɗin gaba ɗaya a cikin kalmar Lingala “Bazo Pola Bazo Ndima”Da Turanci na nufin, su [mulkin Kabila] batattu kuma sun yarda da shan kashi.
Babban batun damuwa bai yi nisa ba. Mutanen Kongo ba su da shakku cewa Kabila yana son ya ci gaba da mulki ta kowace irin hanya. Kodayake, mutane sun yi iƙirarin samun nasara, yin taka-tsantsan shi ne muhimmi yayin da tsarin ke gudana, kuma ƙasar na yunƙurin zuwa ƙarshen kundin tsarin mulki wanda ya ba da damar ƙarewar lokacin Joseph Kabila a matsayin shugaban ƙasa a Disamba 19, 2016.
An biya farashi mai nauyi a makon da ya gabata tare da asarar rai. Koyaya, an lulluɓe mayafin tsoro kuma wataƙila zanga-zangar nan gaba don kare kundin tsarin mulki, tabbatar da cewa Kabila ya bar iko da dokar ƙasa kuma shirya zaɓen Shugaban ƙasa a 2016.
Theungiyar matasa tana balaga da amfani da sabuwar hanyar fasahar watsa labaru. Hakan kuma yana karfafa cibiyar sadarwarsa a ciki da wajen kasar. Matasan sun yi musayar ra'ayoyi lambobin wayar salula na Sanatoci da mambobin Majalisar Wakilai ta kasa kuma suka hallara Kongo a ciki da wajen Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyya don kira da aika sakon 'yan majalisa a majalisar suna masu neman a soke dokar zabe. Amfani da kafafen sada zumunta na matasa ya sa gwamnati ta rufe tsarin Intanet da SMS a makon da ya gabata (har yanzu ba a dawo da yanar gizo mara waya ba, SMS da Facebook). Ta hanyar twitter, matasa na Kongo sun kirkiro da hashtag #Telema, kalmar Lingala mai ma'ana "tashi”Wanda ya kasance abin kira ga matasa 'yan Kwango a ciki da wajen kasar. Mun kuma ƙirƙiri gidan yanar gizo mai suna iri ɗaya (www.Telema.org), don samar da tallafi ga matasa a doron kasa.
Mutanen sun nuna cewa karfin ikon yana hannunsu ba 'yan siyasa ba. Yakin ba domin ko akasin doka ɗaya ko ɗayan bane amma don sabon Kongo ne, ƙasar Kongo inda fifikon jama'ar ta kare da shugabanninsu. Yunkurinmu shine samun ra'ayi game da tsarin yanke hukunci a cikin kasarmu, kuma a karshe mu sarrafa da kuma tantance al'amuran Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo.
