Rashin fadar wuta ta sojojin Amurka ta gurɓata ruwan sama da kuma kula da marasa lafiya a cikin yankunan kusa da sansanin soja na Amurka a fadin duniya
Sau biyu, wahala biyu da matsala;
Wuta tana ƙonewa da kumfa.
Fillet na maciji,
A cikin tafasa da kuma gasa.
- Macbeth, William Shakespeare
By Pat Tsohon, World BEYOND War, Disamba 2, 2018
Sojojin ruwa sun kashe gobarar yayin atisayen atisayen a tashar jirgin ruwa na Marine Corps Cherry Point, a Havelock, North Carolina, a ranar 28 ga Agusta, 2013. Hoto: Lance Cpl. Shawn Valosin / Marines na Amurka
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Per-flouro octane-sulfo-nate ko PFOS, da kuma Per-flouro-octa-noic acid ko PFOA, sune nau'ikan da ke aiki a cikin kumfa da ake amfani dashi don horar da sojoji don kashe tashar jirgin sama a sansanin soja na Amurka a fadin duniya. An yarda da sunadarai mai guba don shiga cikin ƙasa mai kewaye don guba ruwa. Sakamakon yana daya daga cikin manyan cututtukan ruwa a cikin tarihin ɗan adam.
Shakka cewa? Latsa Labaran Google ka shiga: “PFOS PFAO Military Base.” Bayan haka, dawo ka karanta sauran wannan labarin - ka daure da kanka. Yana da kyau.
Ruwa a cikin dubban rijiyoyi a ciki da wajen wuraren girke sojojin Amurka a duk duniya an gwada su kuma an nuna su dauke da matakan cutar PFOS da PFOA. Illolin da ke tattare da cutar ga wadannan sunadarai sun hada da yawan zubewar ciki da wasu rikice-rikice masu juna biyu, kamar matsalolin haihuwa na dogon lokaci. Suna gurɓata ruwan nono na mutane da rashin lafiyar jariran da ke shayarwa. PFOS da PFOA suna ba da gudummawa ga lalacewar hanta, kansar koda, babban cholesterol, rage amsa ga alluran, karuwar haɗarin cututtukan thyroid, tare da cutar kansa ta mahaifa, micro-azzakari, da ƙarancin maniyyi a cikin maza.
Pentagon ya san irin mummunan tasiri PFOS da PFOA sun shafi lafiyar mutum da kuma yanayin tun lokacin 1974, kuma suna ci gaba da amfani da kumfa mai guba a yau.
By 2001, da Sojojin Amurka sun fahimci sosai girman matsalar. Sun san kumfa na kashe gobara da aka yi amfani da su a sansanonin duniya sun kasance rafuka masu guba da ruwa mai kyau a cikin al'ummomin da ke kewaye da su, amma sun damu da cewa tallata mummunar cutar zai kasance mai tsada sosai, don haka, sun yanke shawarar yin shiru kuma suna ci gaba da amfani da kumfa - ba tare da bincika ko kowa a ciki ko daga sansanonin an yi rashin lafiya.
Yanzu, za su biya farashi
na iya barazana ga rayuwa
na gwamnatin kasar Amurka.
Ka yi tunanin zan shafe shi? Sa'an nan, tabbas ba ku google ba kamar yadda na nuna a saman wannan yanki.
Wannan abu ya busa a cikin watanni na ƙarshe.
Binciken rahoton mai girma da Tara Copp of War Times, wani littafin Gannett News. Ta jerin shirye-shiryenta sun ba da labarin wahalar da matasan da ke cikin ruwa suka sha. Kayanta, ciki har da, Me yasa aka ce mata "Kada kuyi ciki a George Airbase." suna da wuya a karanta saboda suna haɗakar da abin da ya faru ga ƙuntataccen mutum da mutuwa. Yawancin mata sun nuna rashin yawanci, wasu suna da yara. Har yanzu sojoji ba su yarda da saki labarun likita ga matan da aka sha wahala a duk faɗin ƙasar.
Kuma yaya game da mata (da maza da jariran) a kan asali da kuma a kauyuka da ke kewaye da su a wajen Amurka, kamar Spangdahlem Database, Jamus da kuma Kadada Netbase, Okinawa? An samo manyan karuwar PFOS da PFOA a cikin raguna da ke kusa da waɗannan asusun. Ba su sami kariya ba. Mutanen Amirka ba su gaggauta gwada ruwa, ko ƙasa, ko dabbobinsu ba.
Mahukuntan yankin da ke neman tushen ruwan guba a Okinawa an hana su zuwa sansanonin Amurka biyu. Thein yarda ya wakilci misali na ƙarshe na Yarjejeniyar Forcesarfin Soja ta Japan - USFA (SOFA) da ke hana jami'an Japan ƙoƙari don magance matsalolin lafiya da mazaunan yankin ke fuskanta.
SOFA, tare da harshe mai launi, ya shimfiɗa doka ta sararin samaniya. Ya ce, "A cikin wurare da yankunan, Amurka na iya ɗaukar dukkan matakan da suka dace don kafa, aiki, kiyayewa da kulawa."
An warware matsala?
Akwai babbar mahimmanci a Belgium. Amirkawa na da alhakin hadarin soja a rundunar soja ta Amurka, Garrison Benelux, Caserne Daumerie a Chièvres, Belgium. Jirgin ruwa na guba ya warwatsa daga cikin tushe. An gargadi membobin gari na gari kada su sha ruwa kuma sun kawo su da ruwa na kwalabe. Rundunar sojojin ta yi shiru, tana ɓoye bayan SOFA wanda ke ba da izini na kullun don halakar da ƙasa da mazaunanta.
Yayinda EU da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka dauki matakai don daidaita wadannan gubar, sojojin Amurka na ci gaba da amfani da su a cikin kumfar wutar da suke yi a Turai da duniya baki daya. Bayan duk wannan, akwai ƙa'ida daga tsakiyar shekaru sittin waɗanda suka ce dole ne su yi amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kisa. A halin yanzu, masana kimiyar sinadarai na Amurka sun kirkiro wani nau'in kumfa mai kama da wuta wanda ke aiki daidai ba tare da duk haɗarin muhalli da lafiya ba, amma sojojin Amurka ba sa son amfani da shi. Madadin haka, sojoji suna kashe miliyoyi zuwa maye gurbin kumfa mai guba mai guba mai guba mai guba.
A duk faɗin Amurka, inda har yanzu muke da abubuwanda ke da muhimmanci na EPA sau ɗaya, kuma har yanzu muna da ƙarfin hali da ƙwararrun jami'ai na aikin ruwa, sojoji gaba ɗaya ba sa yarda da lalacewa ko yin abubuwa da yawa don magance matsalar.
Ga wani ɗan gajeren samfurin na hanyar da Air Force yayi kwanan nan a kan rikicin.
- Dayton, Daraktan Ruwa na Ohio ya aika da gargaɗi ga mazaunanta game da gurɓatarwar PFOS daga Wright Patterson Airbase. Yuni, 2018
"Abin baƙin cikin shine, Rundunar Soja ba ta amsa ba, kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa na rubuta." - Rundunar Sojan Sama ta ki yarda da sake biya yankunan Colorado guda uku saboda kudi da aka kashe don magance matsalar guba da PFAS da PFAO suka yi amfani da shi a cikin kumfa mai cin wuta a Peterson Air Force Base. Ƙauyuka marasa talauci suna da dala miliyan 11. Ruwa a El Paso County, Texas ba shi da kyau a sha. Sojan Sama zargi sauran kafofin don gurfanar da ƙwallon ƙafa.
- Rundunar Soja ta farko ta musanta bukatar da 'yan ƙasa a New Hampshire suka bukaci a gudanar da bincike. Sun sha ruwa mai guba na Portsmouth, in ji Air Force ba su da kudi don biya don binciken. Bayan tashin hankali, rundunar Air Force ta amince ta biya $ 14.3 miliyan don gina ginin magungunan ruwa don cire PFOS da PFOA daga rijiyoyin garin. (Take bayanin kula.)
- A halin yanzu, Sojojin Sama na yin watsi da hukuncin Michigan da ke neman ta samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha a yankin Oscoda-Wurtsmith. An rufe tushen B-52 a cikin 1993 kuma ruwan ya kasance mai mutuwa. A watan da ya gabata, hukumomin kiwon lafiya na Michigan sun ba da shawarar 'Kada ku Ci' don barewar da aka ɗauka a nisan mil biyar daga tsohuwar Wurtsmith Air Force Base. Yau shekara 25 ke nan da ruwan rafin da yake sha har yanzu guba ne.
A cewar Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka (EPA), PFOS da PFOA ana ɗaukar su masu gurɓataccen gurɓataccen gurɓataccen gurɓatacce. Wani “gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu” wani sinadari ne wanda yake da alamun “tsinkaye, yuwuwa, ko barazanar gaske ga lafiyar ɗan adam ko mahalli ko kuma rashin ƙarancin matakan kiwon lafiya da aka buga.” EPA baya tsara PFOS da PFOA! Madadin haka, ya sanya kafaɗun kafada na ɓangarori 70 a kowace tiriliyan Shawarwarin Rayuwa na Rayuwa don ruwan sha. A halin yanzu, masana kimiyya tare da Jami'ar North Carolina sun ce amintaccen kashi na PFOA da / ko PFOS a cikin ruwan sha 1 ppt ne.
EPA ta ci gaba da ba da ka'ida na Shawarar Lafiya ta 1978 don samar da bayanai ga jama'a akan masu gurbataccen gurguwar da ke haɗuwa da gurasar gazawar lokaci wanda zai iya shafar ruwan ingancin ruwa amma ba a kayyade shi a ƙarƙashin Dokar Ruwan Maɗaukaki. Kwamitin EPA ya bada jerin sunayen Shawarar Lafiya don ƙarin fiye da 200 contaminants, ciki har da FFOS da PFOA. Yawancin wadannan masu gurɓataccen abu ne da aka tsara ta musamman daga al'ummomin duniya, amma sun yi kyau ga jama'ar Amirka su sha.
Idan babu jagorancin tarayya a kan batun, wasu jihohi, ciki har da New Jersey, sun fara sarrafa kayan sunadarai a iyakar ƙananan iyaka fiye da na EPA. New Jersey ta Department of Protection Environmental yana aiwatar da tsarin farko na PFAS mai tsanani. Rashin kwance ga rijiyoyin ruwa a Shafin Farko McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst ya kasance kamar yadda 264,300 ya yi, kuma yana da kyau tare da EPA
EPA ya ci gaba da amincewa sababbin sunadarai masu guba PFAS duk da yaduwar cuta. Amurka, da alama, ƙungiyar masu laifi ce.
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Nemi poisons a ruwan da ke kusa da ku.
LABARIN jerin "yiwu" cin nasara ya kasa nuna matakan ci.
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