Ta hannun Nicolas JS Davies, Fabrairu 18, 2020
Duniya tana jira cikin damuwa domin ganin ko gwamnatocin Amurka da Afghanistan da Taliban zasu yarda da hakan mako guda hakan na iya zama matakin tsagaita wuta na “dindindin da cikakke” da kuma janyewar sojojin Amurka da sauran sojojin mamayar kasashen waje daga Afghanistan. Shin tattaunawar za ta kasance ta gaske a wannan lokacin, ko kuwa za su zama wani ne kawai ban dariya don Shugaba Trump ya kamu da taro kisan kai da kuma shahararren whack-a-tawadar Allah?
Idan tsagaita wutar ta faru da gaske, babu wanda zai fi farin ciki fiye da yadda 'yan Afghanistan ke fada da mutuwa a fagen daga wanda wani ya bayyana wa wakilin BBC da cewa "ba da gaske muke yi ba." Sojojin gwamnatin Afghanistan da 'yan sanda wadanda ke fama da mummunan rauni a bakin daga wannan yakin sun shaida wa BBC cewa ba suna fada ba ne saboda kiyayya ga Taliban ko biyayya ga gwamnatin da Amurka ke marawa baya, amma saboda talauci, fatara da kiyaye kai. . Ta wannan fuskar, sun shiga cikin mawuyacin hali kamar miliyoyin sauran mutane a duk faɗin Gabas ta Tsakiya mafi girma duk inda Amurka ta mai da gidajen mutane da al'ummominsu zuwa “filin daga” na Amurka.
A Afghanistan, Sojojin Amurka na horarwa na musamman da ke aiki “Yi farauta ka kashe” hare-hare na dare da ayyukan ta'adi in Taliban-ayi yanki, goyan baya daga lalatazuwa Amurkaikon da ke kashe galibi lambobin da ba a san su ba na mayakan juriya da fararen hula. Amurka ta fadi a bayan-2001 rikodin Bomai 7,423 da makamai masu linzami kan Afghanistan a 2019.
Amma a matsayin wakilin BBC Nanamou Steffensen yayi bayani (saurara a nan, daga 11:40 zuwa 16:50), shi ne dauke da makamai matsayi-da-fayil Dan Afghanistan sojoji da 'yan sanda a wuraren bincike da kananan hanyoyin kariya fadin kasar, ba sojojin da suka kware wajen tallafawa Amurka ba, wanda wahala mafi ban tsoro matakin wadanda suka jikkata. Shugaba Ghani saukar a watan Janairun 2019 cewa an kashe sojojin Afghanistan sama da 45,000 tun lokacin da ya hau mulki a watan Satumbar 2014, kuma by all lissafin 2019 ya ko da matacce.
Steffensen ya zagaya Afghanistan yana tattaunawa da sojojin Afghanistan da ‘yan sanda a shingayen binciken da kananan sansanoni wancan ne da farkon sahun gaban yakin Amurka a kan kungiyar Taliban. Sojojin Steffensen ya yi magana da ita ya ce mata kawai sun shiga cikin a cikin sojoji ko 'yan sanda saboda sun kasa samun wani aiki, kuma sun samu horo na wata daya kacal wajen amfani da AK-47 da RPG kafin a tura su layin gaba. Mafi yawa aKawai sanya riguna ne kawai da siket da kuma siket na Afghanistanng, ko da yake kaɗan raunin wasanni da gutsutsuren garkuwar jiki. Suna zaune cikin tsoro koyaushe, "suna tsammanin za a mamaye su kowane lokaci." Manaya daga cikin 'yan sanda ya gaya wa Steffensen, “Ba su damu da mu ba. Shi yasa da yawa daga cikin mu suke mutuwa. Ya rage gare mu mu yi yaƙi ko a kashe mu, shi ke nan. ”
A cikin wata hira mai ban tsoro, Afghanistan's shugaban ‘yan sanda na kasa, Janar Khoshal Sadat, ya tabbatar da ra'ayoyin sojojin na ƙarancin ƙimar da aka sanya rayukansu ta hanyar lalata Gwamnatin da ke samun goyon bayan Amurka. Janar Sadat ya kammala karatun digiri na kwalejojin soja a Burtaniya da Amurka wanda yake kotu-Martialed a karkashin Shugaba Karzai a shekarar 2014 saboda tsare mutane ba bisa ka'ida ba da cin amanar kasarsa ga Shugaban Amurka da Burtaniya Ghani inganta shi ya shugabanci ‘yan sanda na kasa a shekarar 2019. Steffensen ya tambayi Sadat game da tasirin babban asarar rayuka akan ɗabi'a da ɗaukar ma'aikata. "Idan ka kalli daukar ma'aikata," Sadat ya fada mata, "A koyaushe ina tunanin iyalan Afghanistan da yara nawa suke da shi. Abu mai kyau shi ne ba za a taba samun karancin maza masu fada ba wadanda za su iya shiga rundunar. ”
A cikin hira ta ƙarshe a cikin rahoton Steffensen, ɗan sanda a inda ake dubawa abin hawas appiƙirarin garin Wardak daga yankin da Taliban ta riƙe sosai Dalilin yakin. Ya ce mata, “Mu duka musulmai duk 'yan uwan juna ne. Ba mu da matsala da juna. ” Me yasa kuke faɗa? ta tambaya shi. Yayi jinkiri, yayi dariya cikin nutsuwa ya girgiza kai a yanayin murabus. “Kun san dalilin. Na san dalilin hakan. Ba da gaske bane mu fada. ”
Don haka why mu ne dukan fada?
Thalayen sojojin Afghanistan Steffensen yayi hira mutane suna fada a kai biyu gefens of Yakin Amurka. A dukan “harka na rashin zaman lafiya” cewa yanzu shimfidawa biyar mil mil daga Afganistan zuwa Mali da kuma bayan haka, yakin 'sauyin tsarin mulkin Amurka' da 'yakar ta'addanci' sun mayar da miliyoyin mutanegidaje da al'ummomi A cikin “wuraren yaƙi.” Kamar mutanen Afganista da Steffensen suka yi magana da su, matsanancin halin mutane sun shigaed kungiyoyi dauke da makamai dukan tarnaƙi, amma saboda dalilai wadanda basu da alaƙa da akida, addini ko kuma mummunan kokarin da politiciansan siyasa na Yammacin Turai da ragi suka yi.
Sakatariyar Harkokin Wajen Amurka CondoleezzShinkafa katsewa na shekara-shekara na Ma'aikatar Gwamnatin raikawa gduniya tkuskure a cikin 2005, bayan saukar da cewa na farko uku Shekaru na sojojin da aka yiwa lakabi da Amurka da ake kira 'War on Terror' wanda ake iya faɗi ya haifar da fashewar ta'addanci a duniya da juriya da makamai, da exact m na bayyana burins. Amsar Rice ga bayyanan rahoton ya kasance gwada kashe wayar da kan jama'a sakamakon da yafi bayyane ga rashin bin doka da Amurka tayi da kuma lalata yaƙe-yaƙe.
Fifmatasa matasa lAter, Amurka da abokanta masu ci gaba har abada suna cikin tarko a cikin tashe tashen hankula da hargitsi cikin ihuh yis na jahilci ta daya gefen kawai man fetur sabon fadadawa da haɓaka tashin hankali by ɗayan gefen, ba shi da iyaka a wurin. Rmasu binciken sun bincika yadda m tashin hankali da hargitsi na yaƙin Amurka transform da tsaka tsaki fararen hula a cikin kasar bayan kasar zuwa cikin sojoji na amfani da makamai. Tsaya zai yiwu da yawa daban-daban yaki zones, day sami cewa babban dalilin mutane sun shiga kungiyoyin masu dauke da makamai su kare kansu, danginsu ko al'ummar su, kuma hakan fighterswararru sabili da haka gravised ga mafi ƙarfi kungiyars samun mafi kariya, tare da karancin akida.
A shekarar 2015, Cibiyar farar hula a cikin Rikici (CIVIC), hirashirya 250 mayaƙa daga Bosniya, Falasdinu (Gaza), Libya da Somalia, kuma sun buga sakamakon a rahoton mai taken Ra'ayoyin Jama'a: farar hula a cikin rikici. Masu binciken sun gano cewa, "Babban abinda ya haifar da shiga tsakani, wanda masu tambayoyi suka bayyana a cikin dukkan karatun hudu, shine kariya ga kai ko dangi."
A cikin shekarar 2017, shirin ci gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNDP) gudanar da irin wannan binciken game da mutane 500 wadanda suka shiga Al-Qa'ida, Boko Haram, Al-Shabaab da sauran kungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai a Afirka. Da Rahoton na UNDP aka lakabi Tafiya zuwa matsananci a Afirka: Direbobi, Inari-centari da Tiari-Tiari don daukar ma'aikata. Binciken da ya yi ya tabbatar da waɗancan sauran karatun, and da gwagwarmayaresponarfafa da aka samu akan ainihin "tipping-point" don daukar ma'aikata sun kasance masu fadakarwa musamman.
Rahoton ya ce, "kashi 71 cikin XNUMX," in ji rahoton, ya nuna 'matakin gwamnati', wanda ya hada da 'kisan wani dangi ko aboki' ko 'kama wani dangi ko aboki', a matsayin abin da ya sa suka shiga. " The UNDP an kamala, "An tabbatar da halayen mai aiwatar da ayyukan tsaro a matsayin wata babbar hanzarta daukar ma'aikata, maimakon akasin haka."
Gwamnatin Amurka ta lalace ta hanyar abubuwan soji na masana'antu da ƙarfin masana'antu don haka a fili ba ta da sha'awar koyo daga waɗannan karatun, komai fiye da na ta dogon gwaninta na ba bisa doka ba da bala'i yin yaki. Don bayyanawa a kai a kai cewa “dukkan zaɓuɓɓuka suna kan tebur,” gami da amfani da ƙarfin soja, ƙeta ce ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, wanda ya haramta barazanar har ma da amfani da karfi a kan sauran al'ummu daidai saboda irin wannan barazanar mara amfani, bude-ka-ka-buɗe don haka ana iya haifar da fada.
Amma mafi fili the American jama'a fahimtas da qarya da kuma halin kirki, na doka da kuma banki na siyasa daga cikin gaskata ga kasar mu m wars, da mafi fili za mu iya kalubale da m da'awar na dumama yan siyasa wadanda manufofin su bayar da duniya kawai Kara mutuwa, hallaka da hargitsi. Turucin Trump, kisan kai Manufar Iran mafi kyawun misali ne kawai, kuma, duk da sakamakon aikin sa na ta'addanci, har yanzu ana amfani da karfin sojan Amurka Abin takaici ne cikin gaggawa, tare da wasu 'yan banbancin daraja.
A lokacin da Amurka Tsayas kashe mutane da jefa bam a gidajensu, da duniya farkos taimaka wa mutane su tallafa da kare kansu da kuma danginsu ba tare da shiga cikin sojojin da ke samun goyon bayan Amurka ko kungiyoyin da suke fada ba, to kuma kawai sai a so tashe-tashen hankulan da ke haifar da mamayar sojojin Amurka a fadin duniya fara yin ragi.
Afghanistan ba shine mafi yakin Amurka ba. Wannan banbancin bambancin nasa ne na Yaƙin Indiya na Amurka, wanda ya ƙare tun daga kafuwar ƙasar har zuwa lokacin da aka kama mayaƙan Apache na ƙarshe a cikin 1924. Amma yakin Amurka a Afghanistan shine mafi tsawo daga cikin jerin gwagwarmayar yaƙi da ta'addanci wanda ba zai iya yiwuwa ba wanda Amurkawa ke fafatwa tun 1945.
Kamar yadda wani direban tasi dan Afghanistan a Vancouver ya gaya mani a shekarar 2009, “Mun ci daular Farisa a karni na 18. Mun ci turawan Ingila a karni na 19. Mun ci Tarayyar Soviet a karni na 20. Yanzu, tare da NATO, muna fada da kasashe 28, amma kuma za mu fatattake su. ” Ban taba shakkar shi na minti daya ba. Amma me yasa shugabannin Amurka, a cikin yaudarar su na daula da kuma son yin amfani da fasahar makamai, zasu saurari direban tasi na Afghanistan?
